REVIEW

Is there a critical period for bone response to weight-bearing exercise in children and adolescents? a systematic review

K J MacKelvie¹, K M Khan^1,2 and H A McKay¹

¹ School of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
² Department of Family Medicine, University of British Columbia

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr Khan, School of Human Kinetics, University of British Columbia, 6081 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada;
kkhan{at}interchange.ubc.ca

Accepted 25 February 2002

This systematic review examines and compares the bone mineral changes in children and adolescents, as measured by dual energy x ray absorptiometry, reported in exercise intervention studies. The effects of hormonal factors and growth on bone mineral change during puberty are examined, and the possibility of a critical period during which bone is especially adaptable to exercise is discussed.

Keywords: bone mineral content; bone mineral density; weight-bearing exercise; osteoporosis; puberty

Abbreviations: DEXA, dual energy x ray absorptiometry; BMD, bone mineral density; BMC, bone mineral content; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; GH, growth hormone

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Commentary

C Sanborn³

³ Institute for Women's Health, Texas Woman's University, PO Box 425876, Denton, Texas 76204-5876, USA; Csanborn{at}VENUS.TWU.EDU

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