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Published Online First: 29 April 2009. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2009.059808
British Journal of Sports Medicine 2009;43:550-555
Copyright © 2009 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine.

Review

Evidence on the effects of exercise therapy in the treatment of chronic disease

U M Kujala

Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

Correspondence to U Kujala, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35 (LL), FIN-40014, Finland; urho.kujala{at}sport.jyu.fi

ABSTRACT

Evidence on the effects of exercise in the treatment of patients with chronic diseases should be based on well designed randomised controlled trials. The most consistent finding of the meta-analyses summarised in the present work is that aerobic/functional capacity and muscle strength can be improved by exercise training among patients with different diseases without having detrimental effects on disease progression. This is important, as with population aging exercise therapy may be an important means of reducing disability and increasing the number of older people living independently. Additionally, there is accumulating evidence that in patients with chronic disease exercise therapy is effective in improving the prognostic risk factor profile and, in certain diseases, in delaying mortality. In some diseases, such as osteoarthritis, pain symptoms may also be reduced. Severe complications during the exercise therapy programs were rare.


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