Education and debate

East African running dominance: what is behind it?

Bruce Hamilton

Sports Medicine, Australian Institute of Sport, Leverrier Crescent, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to: B Hamilton email: registrar@hughessportsmed.com.au

Accepted 20 April 2000

East African middle and long distance runners are currently the dominant force in athletics. As well as dominating the track events at the last several Olympic Games, they are also dominant on the American and European road racing circuit and world cross country events. Although many physiological and anatomical factors have been proposed to explain East African dominance, research into these variables has not yet revealed any definitive advantage for the African. Traditional social and cultural factors have often been described as "advantageous", and, although these factors may be to a greater or lesser extent involved in the East African dominance, it is probable that both the African and caucasian psychology or "mindset" are now additional important factors in maintaining that dominance. Like Scandinavian distance runners in the early 20th century, who won 28 of 36 possible Olympic medals over 5000 and 10 000 m, the East Africans have developed . . . [Full text of this article]

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