Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Induce Micronuclei in Buccal Mucosa Cells of Body Builders

Olivia Torres-Bugarin ^1*, Rosalina Covarrubias- Bugarín ², Ana Lourdes Zamora-perez ³, Blanca Torres-Mendoza ⁴, Manuel García-Ulloa ⁵ and Francisco Martínez-Sandoval ⁵

¹ Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara, Mexico
² Universidad del Valle de Atemajac, Mexico
³ CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Durango, Mexico
⁴ CUCS - Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico
⁵ Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Mexico

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: luly73{at}hotmail.com.

Accepted 19 April 2007

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate genotoxicity of anabolics-androgenic steroids (AAS) in male body builders by means of micronucleus (MN) assay in buccal mucosa cells.

Methods: Eleven male body-builders were volunteers to participate in this study and two groups were formed: Group 1(n= 6) without AAS consumption and Group 2 (n= 5), with AAS consumption. Every week during six week a sample of buccal epithelium was taken from each participant. Samples were fixed, stained and analyzed by a light microscope and 2000 cells were counted from each slide. Results are expressed as micronucleated cells (MNC) per 1000 cells and were analyzed by U Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon test.

Results: Marked increased in MNC number was observed in body-builders with AAS consumption compared with those without AAS consumption (4.1±2.4 MNC/1000 cells (p<0.004); 0.4±0.4 MNC/1000 cells respectively). Intragroup comparisons reveled no differences in the MNC frequencies during the sampling time in group 1 while group 2 show MNC frequency significant variation, reaching the highest MNC frequencies in the third and forth week of sampling (5.9±2.4 MNC/1000 cells; 5.8±1.8 MNC/1000 cells, respectively) respect to the first sampled week (1.1±0.1 MNC/1000 cells) and the MNC mean of this group. Intergroup comparisons indicated significant differences in all sampled week in group 2 vs the corresponding control group sampled week.

Conclusion: AAS consumption increased the frequency of Micronucleated cells from buccal mucosa in Mexican body builders.

Key Words: Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids, Body Builders, Genotoxicity, Micronuclei, buccal mucosa cells

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