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Br J Sports Med 44:13-20 doi:10.1136/bjsm.2009.069096
  • Review

Catastrophic injuries among young athletes

Table 3

1982–1983 to 2007–2008 US high school direct catastrophic injury rates per 100 000 participants*

Sport Male Female Totals: male and female
Fatal Non-fatal Serious Male totals Fatal Non-fatal Serious Female totals Fatal Non-fatal Serious Totals
American football 0.29 0.75 0.74 1.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.75 0.74 1.78
Field hockey 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.21
Cross-country 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01
Soccer 0.10 0.03 0.08 0.21 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.14
Water polo† 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Basketball 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.11 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.08
Wrestling 0.03 0.58 0.32 0.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.57 0.32 0.92
Gymnastics 1.02 2.04 1.02 4.07 0.00 0.94 0.47 1.41 0.14 1.09 0.54 1.78
Ice hockey 0.28 0.97 1.11 2.35 0.00 0.00 2.76 2.76 0.25 0.88 1.26 2.39
Swimming 0.00 0.22 0.13 0.36 0.00 0.14 0.03 0.17 0.00 0.17 0.08 0.25
Volleyball‡ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02
Baseball 0.09 0.16 0.20 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.16 0.20 0.45
Lacrosse 0.23 0.47 0.58 1.28 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.17 0.13 0.28 0.42 0.83
Track and field 0.15 0.11 0.14 0.40 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.07 0.10 0.25
Softball 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.05
Tennis 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Golf§ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Cheerleading 0.00 0.22 0.22 0.44 0.02 0.29 0.54 0.85 0.02 0.29 0.52 0.83
Grand totals 0.15 0.36 0.35 0.86 0.01 0.07 0.10 0.18 0.09 0.25 0.26 0.60
  • *Data summarised from the National Center for Catastrophic Injury Research.13

  • †Data for 1992–93 to 2007–2008.

  • ‡Data for 1993–94 to 2007–2008.

  • §Data for 2005–2006 to 2007–2008.

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