Short communicationInfluence of oral contraceptive use on bone density in climacteric women
References (2)
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Cited by (43)
Reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk for osteoporosis
2020, Marcus and Feldman’s OsteoporosisPremenopausal Reproductive and Hormonal Characteristics and the Risk for Osteoporosis
2013, Osteoporosis: Fourth EditionImpact of oral contraceptive on bone metabolism
2013, Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and MetabolismCitation Excerpt :A review paper1 of 13 studies in women using low-dose oral contraceptives reported a positive effect of COC on BMD in 9 studies and 4 studies did not show an association. It is during the late perimenopausal years that the bone effect of COC appears the most relevant in preventing the activation of bone metabolism and the decrease in BMD.2–8 In perimenopausal oligomenorrheic women, the progressive ovarian failure is associated with a decreased production of estradiol which activates bone turnover with a subsequent increase in bone loss.
Hormonal contraception and bone metabolism: A systematic review
2012, ContraceptionCitation Excerpt :A cross-sectional study by Grainge et al. [161] examined the relationship between BMD and age at first use of COCs among postmenopausal women, finding that women in older categories for initiation (23–27 or 28–44 years old) had a lower BMD at all sites compared with women who were aged 15–22 years when they began using COCs. Several studies also demonstrated that a longer duration of exposure to COCs is associated with a greater effect on BMD [96,99,162]. A reduced fracture risk has been demonstrated in postmenopausal women treated with high-dose formulations of COCS after the age of 40 years [83].
Multigenerational exposure to ethinyl estradiol affects bone geometry, but not bone mineral density in rats
2008, BoneCitation Excerpt :The role of estrogen in preventing post-menopausal bone loss is well established [7]; however, the effect of exogenous estrogenic compounds during growth or during early adulthood in the presence of endogenous estrogens remains controversial. Epidemiologic investigations in women evaluating a lifetime exposure find either no effect of oral contraceptives on bone mass [8–12], increased BMD [13–18], or decreased BMD [19]; as well as a decrease [20] or increase [21,22] in fracture risk. Prospective studies in young women taking estrogen-containing contraceptives have also revealed no change in BMD [23–28], increased BMD [29–32], or decreased BMD [33,34].
Premenopausal Reproductive and Hormonal Characteristics and the Risk for Osteoporosis
2008, Osteoporosis, Two-Volume Set