Elsevier

Metabolism

Volume 45, Issue 2, February 1996, Pages 235-240
Metabolism

Adolescent overweight is associated with adult overweight and related multiple cardiovascular risk factors: The Bogalusa Heart Study

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0026-0495(96)90060-8Get rights and content

Abstract

Overweight in adolescence is considered an important predictor of long-term morbidity and mortality. The impact of adolescent overweight on adult overweight and related multiple cardiovascular risk factors was examined in a biracial (black-white) cohort (N = 783) who participated in two cross-sectional surveys as adolescents aged 13 to 17 years and as young adults aged 27 to 31 years. The cohort was categorized as adolescent-onset adult overweight (N = 110) or lean (N = 81) according to age-, race-, and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) greater than the 75th percentile or between the 25th and 50th percentiles on both surveys. The risk for overweight adolescents to remain overweight as young adults ranged from 52% in black males to 62% in black females. As young adults, the overweight cohort showed adverse levels of body fatness measures, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and glucose as compared with the lean cohort (P < .01 to P < .0001). The prevalence of clinically recognized hypertension and dyslipidemia increased 8.5-fold and 3.1- to 8.3-fold, respectively, in the overweight cohort versus the lean cohort (P < .05 to P < .0001). The prevalence of parental history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension increased 2.4-fold (P < .01) and 1.3-fold (P < .05), respectively, in the overweight cohort. Clustering of adverse values (> 75th percentile) for the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio, insulin level, and systolic blood pressure occurred only among the overweight cohort (P < .0001). Thus, excess weight in adolescence persists into young adulthood, and has a strong adverse impact on multiple cardiovascular risk factors, requiring primary prevention early in life.

References (56)

  • SR Srinivasan et al.

    Coexistence of increased levels of adiposity, insulin, and blood pressure in a young adult cohort with elevated very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: The Bogalusa Heart Study

    Metabolism

    (1993)
  • National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference

    Health implications of obesity

    Ann Intern Med

    (1985)
  • R Stamler et al.

    Weight and blood pressure: Findings in hypertensive screening of one million Americans

    JAMA

    (1978)
  • GG Aristimuno et al.

    Influence of persistent obesity in children on cardiovascular risk factors: The Bogalusa Heart Study

    Circulation

    (1984)
  • RM Lauer et al.

    Childhood predictors of future blood pressure

    Hypertension

    (1991)
  • WA Wattigney et al.

    Increasing impact of obesity on serum lipids and lipoproteins in young adults

    Arch Intern Med

    (1991)
  • P Laskarzewski et al.

    Relationships of measurements of body mass to plasma lipoproteins in school children and adults

    Am J Epidemiol

    (1980)
  • MI Deutsch et al.

    Androgyny in fat patterning is associated with obesity in adolescents and young adults

    Ann Hum Biol

    (1985)
  • WR Harlan

    Epidemiology of childhood obesity

  • FJ Nieto et al.

    Childhood weight and growth rate as predictors of adult mortality

    Am J Epidemiol

    (1992)
  • AP Must et al.

    Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents: A follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935

    N Engl J Med

    (1992)
  • S Abraham et al.

    Relationship of childhood weight status to morbidity in adults

    HSMHA Health Rep

    (1971)
  • GS Berenson et al.

    Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children—The Early Natural History of Atherosclerosis and Essential Hypertension

  • CC Allain et al.

    Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol

    Clin Chem

    (1974)
  • G Bucolo et al.

    Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes

    Clin Chem

    (1973)
  • SR Srinivasan et al.

    Serum lipoproteins in children and methods for study

  • SAS Institute
  • Cited by (0)

    Supported by Research Grant No. HL-38844 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US Public Health Service.

    View full text