RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 The impact of fitness level on self-report of concussion symptoms
JF British Journal of Sports Medicine
JO Br J Sports Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
SP 319
OP 319
DO 10.1136/bjsm.2011.084038.26
VO 45
IS 4
A1 C Lebrun
A1 M Mrazik
A1 D Naidu
A1 J Matthews-White
A1 A Game
YR 2011
UL http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/45/4/319.1.abstract
AB Background The diagnosis and management of concussion in sport rely heavily on self-report of symptoms by the athlete. However, many symptoms commonly reported after a concussion (headache, nausea, fatigue, etc.) may be influenced by other factors. Fatigue is a frequent complaint, but may actually be a function of level of physical fitness. Objective To evaluate the role of physical fitness on self-report of concussion symptoms in collegiate athletes and students, during baseline testing. Design Prospective repeated measures. Participants 125 subjects were recruited, including 95 collegiate athletes and 30 undergraduate students (83 males and 42 females). Athletes were screened for medical and psychological conditions. No athlete had a recent history of concussion. Intervention Subjects completed the Standardised Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT1) at three time periods: prior to a Leger (Beep) test, within 10 min of test completion, and within 24 h. The Leger test has established validity and reliability to estimate an athlete's V02 maximum and overall fitness levels. Main outcome measures Estimated V02 max (Leger test) and symptom scores on the SCAT1. Results Subjects were grouped into three levels of fitness according to criteria established by the American College of Sports Medicine (2010). A 3×3 repeated-measures ANOVA was not significant for the overall model but showed a significant interaction between time and fitness level (F (2, 121)=3.50, p=0.02). Post-hoc analysis revealed significant differences in report of symptoms among the three fitness groups at baseline and immediately post-activity, but not at 24 h. Conclusion Results provide evidence of a moderating effect of fitness level on report of concussion symptoms at baseline, even in healthy adults. Specifically, exercise can induce symptom reporting, and may a function of an athlete's level of conditioning. Sport medicine professionals making decisions following concussion need to consider an athlete's level of fitness when evaluating post-concussion symptoms.