Studies included in the analysis
| Study | Sample size | Mean age | Percentage of female | Mean BMI (kg/m2) | Severity | Product | Control | Number of injections | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altman et al17 | 346 | 63.1 | 46 vs 64 | 29.9 | K-L II-IV | NASHA (Durolane) | Saline | 1 | 26 weeks |
| Altman et al18 | 588 | 61.6 | 63 | 32.7 | K-L II-III | BioHA | Saline | 3 | 26 weeks |
| Caborn et al19 | 216 | 63.1 | 56.9 | 31 | Not reported | Hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc) | Triamcinolone hexacetonide | 3, 1 | 26 weeks |
| Chevalier et al20 | 253 | 62.9 | 74 vs 68 | 27.9 | K-L II-III | Hylan G-F 20 (Synvisc) | Saline | 1 | 26 weeks |
| Day21 | 240 | 62 | 56 (HA) vs 61 (P) | Reported Height and weight not BMI but needed to be below 40 | Mild to Moderate; <K-L IV | 25 mg of sodium HA in 2.5 mL of phosphate buffered saline (ARTZTM; batch number C4F27S). The sodium HA was extracted from rooster combs and the purified material has a molecular weight of 6.2 to 11.7×105 Da | 2.5 mL of the PBS vehicle (batch number C4F28S) | 5 | 18 weeks |
| DeCaria et al22 | 30 | 72.4 | 47 | 29.9 | K-L II-III | HA 20 mg/mL | HA 0.001 mg/mL | 3 | 6 months |
| Housman23 | 391 | 60.9 | 71 vs 61 vs 69 | 31.2 | K-L II-III | Hylastan 2, 1 | IAS | 2, 1 | 26 weeks |
| Huang et al27 | 200 | 65 | 76 | 25.6 | K-L II-III | Hyalgan | Saline | 5 | 26 weeks |
| Leighton et al24 | 442 | 61.7 | 51 vs 47 | 28.3 | K-L II-III | NASHA (Durolane) | MPA | 1 | 12 weeks |
| Navarro-Sarabia et al25 | 306 | 63.5 | 83.7 | 28.4 vs 28.7 | K-L II-III | 1% Sodium hyaluronate | Saline | 5 | 40 months |
| Strand et al26 | 379 | 60.6 | 59.5 vs 60.2 | 28.5 | K-L I-III | Gel-200 | Saline | 1 | 13 weeks |
BMI, body mass index; HA, hyaluronic acid; IAS, intra-articular corticosteroids; MPA, methylprednisone acetate; PBS, phosphate buffered saline.