Table 2

Causes of sudden cardiac death in athletes, military personnel and the young general population

Study	Country	Exertional SCD or All SCD	Population	Age range (years)	Number of cases	HCM (%)	Idiopathic LVH/possible HCM (%)	AN-SUD (%)	Coronary artery anomalies (%)	ARVC (%)	DCM (%)	CAD (%)	Myocarditis related (%)	Aortic dissection (%)	Other (%)
Athletes
Corrado et al42	Italy	All	Competitive athletes	12–35	N=55	2	0	7	13	22	0	20	13	2	22
de Noronha et al43	UK	All	Athletes	1–35	N=89	12	25	19	8	10	0	8	3	0	4
Maron et al12	USA	All	Athletes	8–39	N=690	36	8	–	17	4	2	3	6	3	20
Holst et al44	Denmark	Exertional	Competitive athletes	12–35	N=15	0	7	27	7	27	0	13	7	0	13
Suarez-Mier et al45	Spain	Exertional	Recreational athletes	9–35	N=81	10	9	23	6	15	–	14	5	0	18
Harmon et al21	USA	All	Competitive athletes	18–26	N=64	8	8	25	11	5	8	9	9	5	12
Finocchiaro et al47	UK	All	Athletes	18–35	N=179	8	14	44	4	14	1	2	2	–	11
Military
Eckart et al23	USA	All	Military recruits	18–35	N=108	6	1	30	27	1	1	9	12	0	13
Eckart et al24	USA	All	Active military	18–34	N=298	13	0	41	4	1	5	23	6	0	7
General population
Corrado et al55	Italy	All	General population	1–35	N=269	7	0	6	10	13	5	20	10	5	24
Puranik et al56	Australia	All	General population	5–35	N=241	6	3	29	3	2	5	24	12	5	10
Papadakis et al57	UK	All	General population	1–35	N=1677	5	0	14	0	0	12	30	11	0	28
Solberg et al58	Norway	Exertional	General population	15–34	N=23	4	0	9	4	0	0	48	22	0	13
Margey et al59	Ireland	All	General population	15–35	N=116	15	10	27	2	2	3	21	6	1	15
Meyer et al29	USA	All	General population	0–35	N=314	4	2	14	1	2	10	29	3	1	34

AN-SUD, autopsy-negative sudden unexplained death; ARVC, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy; CAD, coronary artery disease; DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy; HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; SCD, sudden cardiac death.