Table 4

A multivariable adjusted model exploring prognostic factors for patient-reported outcomes at 5 years for the exercise therapy plus delayed reconstruction group

	Effect	95% CI	p Value	Effect	95% CI	p Value	Effect	95% CI	p Value	Effect	95% CI	p Value
	KOOS-pain			KOOS-symptoms			KOOS-sport/rec			KOOS-QOL
Baseline cartilage defect	2.7	−11.2 to 16.5	0.68	0.0	−23.1 to 23.1	1.00	12.7	−19.8 to 45.3	0.41	8.9	−19.1 to 36.8	0.50
Baseline meniscus damage	14.3	0.7 to 27.9	0.04	4.4	−18.4 to 27.2	0.68	27.4	−3.8 to 58.7	0.08	22.8	−5.0 to 50.5	0.10
Baseline osteochondral lesion	6.2	−5.8 to 18.2	0.28	3.2	−16.7 to 23.2	0.73	2.9	−25.1 to 31.0	0.82	1.3	−23.0 to 25.5	0.91
Baseline extension deficit	−1.4	−13.2 to 10.3	0.79	2.9	−16.8 to 22.6	0.76	4.5	−22.5 to 31.5	0.72	−1.2	−25.2 to 22.9	0.92
Graft/contralateral ACL rupture	−33.7	−52.5 to −14.9	0.002	−29.1	−60.6 to 2.4	0.07	−71.0	−114.3 to −27.7	0.004	−67.4	−105.7 to −29.2	0.002
1 non-ACL surgery*	−4.3	−16.3 to 7.8	0.45	−5.4	−25.5 to 14.7	0.57	−14.2	−42.3 to 13.9	0.29	−7.1	−31.5 to 17.4	0.54
≥2 non-ACL surgeries*	6.2	−10.1 to 22.5	0.42	6.2	−20.9 to 33.2	0.63	0.2	−40.0 to 40.4	0.99	7.6	−24.8 to 40.0	0.62
SF-36 MCS at baseline	−0.2	−0.4 to 0.1	0.17	−0.2	−0.7 to 0.2	0.23	−0.2	−0.8 to 0.4	0.56	−0.4	−0.9 to 0.2	0.16
KOOS₄ baseline	−0.2	−0.7 to 0.3	0.35	0.1	−0.6 to 0.9	0.70	−0.3	−1.3 to 0.8	0.60	−0.4	−1.3 to 0.6	0.39
Rehabilitation visits	−0.1	−0.3 to 0.0	0.12	−0.1	−0.3 to 0.2	0.48	−0.1	−0.4 to 0.3	0.74	−0.1	−0.4 to 0.2	0.53

*No non-ACL surgeries was used as a reference category in multivariable analysis.
Effect (regression coefficient): the estimate of the average change in a KOOS subscale (scores range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best)) that corresponds to a 1-unit change in the prognostic factor (1-unit=1 point on a 0–100 scale for KOOS₄ and SF-36 MCS). All estimates are adjusted for sex, age, smoking, education level and preinjury activity level. Crude unadjusted estimates are presented in see online supplementary appendix. Non-ACL surgery: total number of knee surgery events not performed in the same surgical session as ACL reconstruction or revision. KOOS and SF-36 scores range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best).
Statistically significant effects (p<0.05) are highlighted in bold.
KOOS₄, a mean score from four Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscales (pain, symptoms, sport/rec and QOL); MCS, Mental Component Score; SF-36, 36-item Short-Form.