Cox proportional hazard model: risk ratio of all potential risk factors: Cooper Clinic, Dallas, Texas, 1970–1990
| Men | Women | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factors | Duodenal ulcer HR (95% CI) | Gastric ulcer HR (95% CI) | Duodenal ulcer HR (95% CI) | Gastric ulcer HR (95% CI) |
| HR, hazard ratio; BMI, body mass index. | ||||
| Moderately active | 0.54 (0.30 to 0.96) | 1.08 (0.69 to 1.69) | 0.62 (0.15 to 2.53) | 1.08 (0.51 to 2.27) |
| Active | 0.38 (0.15 to 0.94) | 1.01 (0.56 to 1.82) | 1.47 (0.32 to 6.83) | 1.19 (0.44 to 3.25) |
| High tension | 1.97 (1.14 to 3.43) | 1.57 (1.04 to 2.38) | 0.66 (0.14 to 3.10) | 2.52 (1.30 to 4.89) |
| Smoking | 1.91 (1.09 to 3.35) | 1.71 (1.13 to 2.58) | 0.61 (0.15 to 2.45) | 1.14 (0.57 to 2.28) |
| Ethanol (light) | 1.90 (0.90 to 4.02) | 0.65 (0.38 to 1.11) | 1.93 (0.47 to 7.88) | 1.11 (0.48 to 2.53) |
| Ethanol (moderate) | 0.80 (0.31 to 2.05) | 0.43 (0.22 to 0.83) | 0.80 (0.08 to 7.88) | 1.15 (0.41 to 3.23) |
| Ethanol (heavy) | 0.77 (0.33 to 1.80) | 0.72(0.43 to 1.21) | 2.56 (0.39 to 16.92) | 1.28 (0.44 to 3.70) |
| Age (40–60 years) | 1.07 (0.59 to 1.94) | 1.24 (0.80 to 1.93) | 0.63 (0.18 to 2.24) | 1.13 (0.57 to 2.24) |
| Age (60.1+ years) | 1.95 (0.72 to 5.33) | 1.26 (0.52 to 3.05) | 1.16 (0.13 to 10.22) | 0.62 (0.08 to 4.73) |
| BMI (upper 25%) | 1.13 (0.60 to 2.14) | 1.04 (0.63 to 1.74) | 2.00 (0.55 to 7.35) | 1.25 (0.57 to 2.74) |
| BMI (lower 25%) | 0.64 (0.29 to 1.40) | 1.04 (0.64 to 1.70) | 0.39 (0.05 to 3.28) | 0.41 (0.14 to 1.21) |