Age (years) | 76.1 (4.3)* | 79.6 (4.9) | 79.4 (6.1) | 78.7 (6.6) |
Male (%) | 26 | 29 | 25 | 32 |
Marital status (%) |
Married | 37 | 32 | 38 | 32 |
Widowed | 54 | 53 | 50 | 56 |
Divorced | 9 | 5 | 3 | 6 |
Never married | – | 11 | 9 | 6 |
Education (%)† |
Low | 40 | 25 | 37 | 41 |
Intermediate | 40 | 56 | 47 | 47 |
High | 20 | 19 | 16 | 12 |
Number of real friends | 3 (0–6) | 3 (0–7) | 3 (0–6) | 1 (0–5) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 (3.0) | 24.4 (2.5) | 25.2 (2.3) | 24.2 (3.2) |
PASE score (0–400)‡ | 63 (27–100) | 59 (34–103) | 58 (34–93) | 59 (27–117) |
Number of medications‡ | 2 (0–6) | 2.5 (0–5) | 3 (0–5) | 3 (0–7) |
Number of self reported diseases | 1.7 (0.9) | 1.9 (1.2) | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.9 (1.4) |
Use of care services for health reasons (%) |
Meals on Wheels | 29 | 39 | 47 | 32 |
Household assistance | 40 | 50 | 47 | 35 |
Medical care | 14 | 21 | 16 | 15 |