Primary exercise dependence
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Preoccupation with exercise which has become stereotyped and routine
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Significant withdrawal symptoms in the absence of exercise (e.g. mood swings, irritability, insomnia)
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The preoccupation causes clinically significant distress or impairment in their physical, social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
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The preoccupation with exercise is not better accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g. as a means of losing weight or controlling calorie intake as in an eating disorder)
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Secondary exercise dependence
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Narrowing of repertoire leading to stereotyped pattern of exercise with a regular schedule once or more daily
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Salience with the individual giving increasing priority over other activities to maintaining the pattern of exercise
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Increased tolerance to the amount of exercise performed over the years
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Withdrawal symptoms related to disorder of mood after cessation of exercise schedule
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Relief or avoidance of withdrawal symptoms by further exercise
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Subjective awareness of a compulsion to exercise
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Rapid reinstatement of the previous pattern of exercise and withdrawal symptoms after a period of abstinence
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Associated features
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Either the individual continues to exercise despite a serious physical disorder known to be caused, aggravated, or prolonged by exercise and is advised as such by a health professional, or the individual has arguments or difficulties with his/her partner, family, friends, or occupation
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Self inflicted loss of weight by dieting as a means towards improving performance
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