Table 3

 Distal tibial bone and muscle geometry and biomechanical variables

AthleteControlp Value
Values are mean (SD).
BSI, Bone strength index; CSMI, cross sectional moment of inertia; CSA, cross sectional area.
Total CSA (mm2)363.18 (31.4)364.4 (43.7)0.76
Cortical CSA (mm2)195.29 (32.9)158.05 (23.8)0.005
Medullary cavity CSA (mm2)165.7 (56.5)206.2 (51.5)0.023
CSMI (mm4)10039.82 (2105.6)8041.76 (2080.1)0.005
BSI (g/cm3/mm4)92950.3 (30545.6)64912.8 (20410.5)0.002
Total muscle CSA (mm2)1695.3 (428.03)1455.2 (227.8)0.033
Extensor muscle CSA (mm2)373.8 (70.7)326.9 (51.4)0.021
Flexor muscle CSA (mm2)419.5 (36.5)304 (41.6)0.135