Table 1

Case reports including data on sports related physeal fractures

Study	No of cases	Age (years)	Injury location	Salter-Harris injury type	Sport	Outcome
The sex of the patients is indicated: M, male; F, female.
Rogers³⁴	1 M		Distal femur	I	Football
Rovere³⁵	1 M	12	Distal femur	I	Football	Follow up not reported; “satisfactory”
Ryan³⁶	5 M	14–16	Distal radius	II	Weight lifting
Simpson³⁷	3 M	15–17	Distal femur	I	Football	Follow up 5–27 months; “significant leg length discrepancy in one case”
Gumbs³⁸	2 M	12, 14	Distal radius and ulna	II	Weight lifting	Follow up time not reported; “healing was uneventful”
Collins³⁹	1 M	10	Distal tibia	II	Soccer	Follow up 4 months; no growth disturbance evident
Lemire⁴⁰	1 M	15	Medial clavicle	I	Hockey	Follow up 1 year; “return to normal activity without problems”
Hernandez⁴¹	1 M	11	Distal radius	II	Basketball	Follow up 8 years; premature closure
Jenkins⁴²	1 M	13	Bilateral distal radius; distal tibia	II	Football	Follow up not reported
Abrams⁴³	1 F	15	Proximal fibula	III	Gymnastics	Follow up 7 weeks; “progressive healing”
Spinella⁴⁴	1 F	15	Distal tibia	III	Figure skating	Follow up 3 years; no growth disturbance
	1 M	14	Distal tibia	III	Football	Follow up 1 year; “uneventful”
Weiss⁴⁵	1 M	16	Distal radius	I	Weight lifting	Follow up not reported
Thomas⁴⁶	1 M	13	Distal tibia	IV	Football	Follow up 6 months; “some early closure of the physis was evident on comparison studies”
Keret⁴⁷	1 M	13	Proximal tibia	V	Football	Follow up 2 years; premature closure; also associated premature partial closure of the distal femoral physis
Bak⁴⁸	1 M	14	Proximal tibia	II	Gymnastics	Follow up 9 months; premature closure
Meyers⁴⁹	1 M	15	Distal femur	II	Football	Follow up 1 year; normal anatomical alignment and equal leg lengths
Hartley⁵⁰	1 M	15	Proximal tibia	IV	Soccer	Follow up 4 months
Toto⁵¹	1 M	17	Distal fibula	I	Baseball	Follow up not reported
Banks⁵²	2 M	16, 17	Proximal tibia	II	basketball	Follow up 3 months – 2 years; no growth disturbance in the boy followed for 2 years
Decoster⁵³	1 M	14	Distal femur	III	Football	Follow up 1 year; “significant growth discrepancy unlikely because he was so near skeletal maturity”
Valverde⁵⁴	1 M	13	Distal radius	V	Football	Follow up 21 months; premature closure
Goldberg⁵⁵	1 M	11	Distal femur	III	Football	Follow up 2 years; non-union
Beck⁵⁶	1 M	18	Proximal tibia			Premature closure of the lateral part of the proximal tibia subsequent to a sports injury at age 6
Brone & Wroble⁵⁷	3 M	14–16	Distal femur	III	Football	Follow up 2–3 years; no limb length discrepancy or limb deformity
Veenema⁵⁸	2 M	15	Distal femur	III	Football	Follow up 4 months; “no evidence of limb length discrepancy or angular deformity”
Mudgal⁵⁹	1 M	16	Proximal tibia	I	Basketball	Follow up 6 months; “no evidence of limb length discrepancy or angular deformity”
Shinro⁶⁰	1 M	13	Proximal tibia	II (right) I (left)	Basketball	Follow up 5.5 years; “no deformities or differences in leg length were observed”
Maffulli⁶¹	2 M	11, 14	Proximal phalanx of the hallux	III	Judo, soccer	Follow up 3–4 years; “no evidence of growth disturbance or osteoarthritis”
Ozer⁶²	1 M	17	Proximal tibia	III	Basketball	Follow up 4 months
Whan⁶³	1 M	16	Proximal tibia	I	Gymnastics
Egun⁶⁴	1 M	16	Proximal tibial		Basketball	Follow up 27 months; “no angular deformity”
Goga & Gongal⁶⁵	3 M		Distal femur	III	Soccer
	1 M		Proximal tibia	II	Soccer
	1 M		Distal tibia	II	Soccer
Samsoni⁶⁶	1 F	14	Distal femur	II	Cricket	Follow up 6 months; “early indication of growth arrest on the medial side”