| Men and FA/B12/B6 | Men and placebo | Women and FA/B12/B6 | Women and placebo | |||||||||
| Outcome (unit) | T0 (n = 44) | T6 (n = 44) | T12 (n = 43) | T0 (n = 41) | T6 (n = 41) | T12 (n = 38) | T0 (n = 34) | T6 (n = 34) | T12 (n = 28) | T0 (n = 33) | T6 (n = 33) | T12 (n = 29) |
| MMSE*‡ | 28 (28–29) | 28 (27–29) | 28 (27–30) | 29 (28–29) | 28 (28–29) | 29 (28–29) | 29 (28–30) | 29 (28–30) | 29 (27–30) | 29 (28–30) | 28 (27–29) | 29 (27–30) |
| AVLT 1–5 (words)* | 31.1 (7.5) | 31.3 (9.8) | 29.1 (8.9) | 31.7 (7.2) | 35.8 (9.4) | 31.5 (9.3) | 34.9 (8.9) | 35.1 (10.8) | 33.7 (10.0) | 34.1 (7.4) | 33.7 (8.8) | 31.2 (6.6) |
| AVLT 6 (words)* | 5.6 (2.7) | 5.9 (3.2) | 4.9 (2.9) | 5.5 (2.1) | 6.6 (2.8) | 5.2 (2.5) | 6.4 (2.4) | 6.8 (3.6) | 5.7 (3.0) | 6.0 (2.5) | 5.9 (3.1) | 5.4 (2.8) |
| SCWT-A task 1 (s)† | 19.6 (3.7) | 19.7 (4.3) | 19.5 (4.5) | 18.9 (3.7) | 18.9 (4.6) | 19.2 (4.1) | 20.1 (5.3) | 19.8 (5.2) | 20.2 (4.3) | 21.4 (4.6) | 21.3 (4.6) | 20.8 (4.8) |
| SCWT-A task 2 (s)† | 25.8 (4.1) | 26.1 (4.4) | 25.8 (4.4) | 24.9 (5.1) | 24.7 (6.3) | 25.4 (5.8) | 25.3 (6.2) | 25.0 (5.7) | 25.0 (5.2) | 27.0 (4.6) | 27.0 (5.6) | 25.6 (4.6) |
| SCWT-A task 3 (s)† | 62.6 (21.1) | 65.5 (29.9) | 61.0 (22.4) | 56.4 (16.6) | 61.4 (27.5) | 54.8 (12.8) | 60.2 (18.1) | 62.6 (25.0) | 60.7 (26.3) | 68.4 (23.5) | 72.2 (30.1) | 64.1 (24.1) |
| DSST (symbols)* | 36.2 (11.7) | 35.7 (10.2) | 36.2 (12.1) | 38.3 (8.7) | 39.9 (9.2) | 38.1 (9.1) | 36.4 (10.9) | 37.7 (11.6) | 36.6 (10.3) | 33.7 (8.9) | 32.5 (10.0) | 33.5 (7.7) |
| VFT (words)* | 28.3 (10.7) | 31.2 (11.2) | 31.8 (10.3) | 32.5 (9.9) | 34.3 (10.6) | 36.0 (13.3) | 28.9 (9.2) | 31.2 (8.2) | 33.8 (10.1) | 29.0 (8.9) | 30.6 (9.2) | 36.7 (12.1) |
AVLT, auditory verbal learning test; DSST, digit symbol substitution test; FA/B12/B6, folic acid, vitamin B-12 and B-6; s, seconds; SCWT-A, Stroop colour word test—abridged; VFT, verbal fluency test.
*Higher score indicates better performance; †lower score indicates better performance; ‡median (25th–75th percentiles).