Multifactorial assessment approach for potential future anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk
| Category | Factor |
|---|---|
| Genetic | Number of first-degree relatives with ACL injury |
| History of prior injury | Prior knee injury, lower extremity injury, low back or other injury |
| Developmental and hormonal | Sex, pubertal stage (Tanner or PMOS), menstrual status |
| Biomechanical | Knee abduction, knee flexion, side to side asymmetries in these biomechanical parameters |
| Anatomic and anthropometric | Femoral notch width height, weight, BMI |
| Neuromuscular | Hamstrings (H), quadriceps (Q) strength, H/Q ratios, side to side asymmetries, vertical jump height |
| Ligamentous integrity | Knee recurvatum, joint laxity index score, KT-2000 measure, side to side asymmetries |
BMI, body mass index; PMOS, Pubertal Maturational Observational Scale.