Table 2

Dehydration/heat

Ref	Author/journal	Year	Study type	Patients	Outcome	LOE
23	Ogoh et al J Physiol	2003	Clinical trial	14 men	Baroreflex response to progressive depletion of central blood volume is attenuated in endurance training	2
26	Crandall Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol	2000	Controlled trial	12 subjects	Reduced baroreflex response coupled with a reduction in ability to increase heart rate may contribute to increased susceptibility to OI	2
27	Cheuvront et al J Appl Physiol	2010	Critical review	NA	Dehydration augments hyperthermia and reduced plasma volume, which accentuates cardiovascular strain	3
28	Wilson et al Am J Physiol Regul Integr Com Physiol	2006	Controlled trial	15 men	Heat stress decreases cerebral blood velocity and increases cerebral vascular resistance	2
29	Charkoudian et al J Physiol	2003	Controlled trial	13 healthy subjects	Exercise-induced dehydration leads to changes in baroreflex control of blood pressure	2
30	Holtzhausen et al Med Sci Sports Exerc	1995	Clinical trial	31 runners	All runners were volume depleted (average of 4.6% deficit), 68% developed asymptomatic EAPH, dehydration did not compromise cardiovascular status	2

EAPH, exercise-associated postural hypotension; LOE, level of evidence; OI, orthostatic intolerance.