N* | Physical activity categories | p Value† | p Value‡ | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inactive | Below recommended | Recommended | Above recommended | ||||
Men | |||||||
Model 1 | 8344 | Ref. | 1.09 (0.99 to 1.19) | 1.06 (0.97 to 1.17) | 0.81 (0.71 to 0.92) | 0.07 | |
Model 2 | 8334 | Ref. | 1.02 (0.92 to 1.13) | 0.98 (0.88 to 1.09) | 0.79 (0.69 to 0.91) | 0.01 | |
Model 3 | 8230 | Ref. | 1.00 (0.90 to 1.11) | 0.97 (0.87 to 1.08) | 0.79 (0.69 to 0.91) | <0.01 | |
Stratified analyses§ | |||||||
Age, years | |||||||
<40 | 5042 | Ref. | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.20) | 0.92 (0.79 to 1.08) | 0.89 (0.72 to 1.09) | 0.18 | 0.002 |
40–59 | 3096 | Ref. | 0.99 (0.87 to 1.13) | 0.97 (0.85 to 1.11) | 0.77 (0.64 to 0.92) | 0.03 | |
≥ 60 | 206 | Ref. | 0.98 (0.72 to 1.33) | 0.96 (0.71 to 1.31) | 0.41 (0.28 to 0.62) | <0.01 | |
Occupational activity | |||||||
Inactive | 1290 | Ref. | 0.87 (0.69 to 1.10) | 0.87 (0.69 to 1.10) | 0.64 (0.47 to 0.87) | 0.01 | 0.83 |
Walk and life | 5976 | Ref. | 0.98 (0.86 to 1.12) | 0.92 (0.80 to 1.06) | 0.72 (0.59 to 0.89) | <0.01 | |
Heavy | 719 | Ref. | 1.17 (0.86 to 1.59) | 0.91 (0.66 to 1.26) | 0.77 (0.53 to 1.11) | 0.16 | |
Smoking status | |||||||
Never | 3 225 | Ref. | 0.98 (0.83 to 1.15) | 0.88 (0.75 to 1.04) | 0.77 (0.63 to 0.95) | 0.01 | 0.74 |
Former | 2 293 | Ref. | 1.01 (0.85 to 1.20) | 0.99 (0.83 to 1.19) | 0.72 (0.57. 0.92) | 0.05 | |
Current | 2 289 | Ref. | 1.05 (0.87 to 1.27) | 1.02 (0.82 to 1.26) | 0.75 (0.55 to 1.02) | 0.32 | |
BMI categories, kg/m2 | |||||||
<18.5 | 32 | Ref. | 0.66 (0.11 to 4.04) | 1.31 (0.19 to 9.26) | 0.97 (0.05 to 18.8) | 0.93 | 0.27 |
18.5–24.9 | 4779 | Ref. | 0.92 (0.79 to 1.06) | 0.96 (0.82 to 1.12) | 0.78 (0.64 to 0.95) | 0.05 | |
25.0–29.9 | 3173 | Ref. | 1.07 (0.93 to 1.23) | 1.01 (0.87 to 1.16) | 0.81 (0.67 to 0.98) | 0.12 | |
≥30.0 | 360 | Ref. | 1.13 (0.83 to 1.53) | 0.96 (0.69 to 1.33) | 0.54 (0.34 to 0.86) | 0.06 | |
Women | |||||||
Model 1 | 10 783 | Ref. | 1.34 (1.24 to 1.44) | 1.54 (1.42 to 1.67) | 1.18 (1.04 to 1.36) | <0.001 | |
Model 2 | 10 744 | Ref. | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.13) | 1.03 (0.93 to 1.13) | 0.70 (0.60 to 0.81) | 0.02 | |
Model 3 | 10 413 | Ref. | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.10) | 0.97 (0.88 to 1.07) | 0.69 (0.59 to 0.82) | 0.006 | |
Stratified analyses§ | |||||||
Age, years | |||||||
<40 | 6245 | Ref. | 0.97 (0.86 to 1.10) | 0.86 (0.74 to 0.99) | 0.81 (0.62 to 1.07) | 0.02 | 0.03 |
40–59 | 4163 | Ref. | 1.03 (0.92 to 1.16) | 1.02 (0.90 to 1.15) | 0.60 (0.49 to 0.73) | <0.01 | |
≥ 60 | 375 | Ref. | 0.98 (0.78 to 1.23) | 0.73 (0.57 to 0.94) | 0.31 (0.21 to 0.44) | <0.001 | |
Occupational activity | |||||||
Inactive | 1211 | Ref. | 0.93 (0.73 to 1.18) | 0.89 (0.69 to 1.14) | 0.48 (0.32 to 0.72) | 0.01 | 0.76 |
Walk and life | 8176 | Ref. | 1.02 (0.92 to 1.14) | 0.97 (0.86 to 1.09) | 0.70 (0.57 to 0.85) | 0.02 | |
Heavy | 825 | Ref. | 0.72 (0.45 to 1.14) | 0.84 (0.47 to 1.49) | 0.68 (0.30 to 1.54) | 0.27 | |
Smoking status | |||||||
Never | 4423 | Ref. | 1.04 (0.91 to 1.18) | 1.01 (0.87 to 1.16) | 0.68 (0.54 to 0.85) | 0.05 | 0.68 |
Former | 2235 | Ref. | 0.99 (0.83 to 1.18) | 0.84 (0.70 to 1.01) | 0.55 (0.41 to 0.72) | <0.001 | |
Current | 3357 | Ref. | 1.02 (0.88 to 1.18) | 1.11 (0.94 to 1.32) | 0.60 (0.44 to 0.82) | 0.42 | |
BMI categories, kg/m2 | |||||||
<18.5 | 245 | Ref. | 0.49 (0.22 to 1.06) | 1.24 (0.41 to 3.73) | 0.83 (0.11 to 6.49) | 0.69 | <0.001 |
18.5–24.9 | 7365 | Ref. | 0.91 (0.81 to 1.01) | 0.91 (0.81 to 1.03) | 0.73 (0.60 to 0.88) | 0.005 | |
25.0–29.9 | 2493 | Ref. | 1.14 (1.00 to 1.31) | 1.17 (1.00 to 1.36) | 0.77 (0.60 to 0.98) | 0.86 | |
≥30.0 | 680 | Ref. | 1.09 (0.87 to 1.37) | 1.17 (0.90 to 1.52) | 0.64 (0.40 to 1.03) | 0.97 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index, calculated as body weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
Model 1, adjusted for age; model 2 also for diabetes status (yes or no), smoking (never, former or current), and alcohol (abstainers, <1 time/14 days, 1–4 times/14 days or ≥5 times/14 days) and time period-dummies of HUNT wave (H1, H2 or H3) and model 3 additionally for occupational physical activity (sedentary, walk and life or heavy manual work).
*Number of participants at baseline (HUNT-1).
†p Value for trend across categories.
‡p Value for interaction.
§Analytical model 2 is used in all stratified analyses.
BMI, body mass index; HUNT, Nord-Trøndelag County Health Study.