The function of the primary ligaments of the knee in varus-valgus and axial rotation

https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(80)90240-7Get rights and content

Abstract

Four in vitro human knee specimens have been loaded, two with varus-valgus femoral rotations and two with internal and external axial tibial rotations. Each specimen has been tested in full extension and in 30° of flexion. All orthogonal components of applied force and moment required to cause the rotations were measured as were all resultant orthogonal components of load on the femur. Curves fit to the data were studied to establish the portions of the applied load transmitted by each ligament.

References (11)

There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (129)

  • Shear wave speeds track axial stress in porcine collateral ligaments

    2020, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
  • Rearfoot strikes more frequently apply combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation moments than forefoot strikes in females during the early phase of cutting maneuvers

    2020, Gait and Posture
    Citation Excerpt :

    Vanrenterghem et al. [23] proposed a speed of 4.0 m/s for standardizing cutting studies; however, their rationale was that 4.0 m/s could achieve a meaningful magnitude of peak knee valgus moment (about 0.6 Nm/kg) while maintaining the quality of cuttings, and they did not account for the risk of coupling of tibial internal rotation. The knee joint is structurally more fragile in the horizontal [24] than in frontal plane loadings [25]; thus, we decided to use a speed of <2.0 m/s. Initially, all participants familiarized themselves with the task requirements: the correct foot strike pattern on the force plate at < 2.0 m/s and the direction change at 60°.

  • Secondary Stabilizers of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament—Deficient Knee

    2017, Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics
    Citation Excerpt :

    In fact, in the presence of PLC injury, isolated ACL reconstruction does not restore the rotatory stability of the knee at 30° and 90° of flexion.67 The medial collateral ligament (MCL) not only functions as the primary restraint to valgus deformity of the knee,68 but also as a secondary restraint to anterior translation,69,70 internal rotation,70 and external rotation of the tibia.71 Sectioning of the MCL has been shown to result in increased internal and external rotation laxity.72

View all citing articles on Scopus
View full text