Original articleBiomechanical and Clinical Outcomes With Shock-Absorbing Insoles in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: Immediate Effects and Changes After 1 Month of Wear
Section snippets
Participants
Individuals with medial compartment knee OA were recruited from the community via advertisements in local newspapers. Inclusion criteria consisted of radiographic evidence of knee OA (Kellgren & Lawrence [KL] grade 2 or greater)27 as determined from standing short-film posteroanterior radiographs, and varus malalignment as measured from the short-film posteroanterior radiographs and using published regression equations to calculate the mechanical axis of the lower limb.28 All subjects had knee
Results
A total of 16 participants (10 women) with a mean age ± SD of 66.9±12.5 years, body mass index of 27.7±7.3kg/m2, and radiographic lower limb alignment of 178.0°±3.7°—indicative of varus malalignment—were recruited. Ten participants had mild knee OA (KL grade 2), 2 had moderate knee OA (KL grade 3), and 4 had severe knee OA (KL grade 4) in the medial compartment of the tibiofemoral joint. Fourteen participants (88%) returned for follow-up testing, a mean ± SD of 30.9±3.9 days after the baseline
Discussion
Findings from the present study suggest that shock-absorbing insoles can produce significant improvements in knee joint pain and physical function after 1 month of wear. However, the role of biomechanics in improvements in clinical measures is unclear based on our data. Although a significant reduction was observed for the late stance KAM peak (KAM2), no significant reductions were found in any other measure of knee joint loading during walking. Given that previous research has demonstrated
Conclusions
Shock-absorbing insoles can significantly improve measures of knee joint pain and physical dysfunction after 1 month of wear in patients with knee OA. Although these results may not have been the result of altered lower limb biomechanics during walking, there is now evidence for the role of shock-absorbing insoles in the clinical self-management of this disease. Indeed, shock-absorbing insoles represent an intervention that is inexpensive and noninvasive and has minimal side effects for
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Supported in part by a research grant from The Arthritis Society/Arthritis Health Professions Association.
No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit on the authors or on any organization with which the authors are associated.