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The UCLA Longitudinal Study of Neurocognitive Outcomes Following Mild Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2011

Talin Babikian ,
Paul Satz ,
Ken Zaucha ,
Roger Light ,
Richard S. Lewis  and
Robert F. Asarnow
Talin Babikian*
Affiliation:
Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Paul Satz
Affiliation:
Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Ken Zaucha
Affiliation:
Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Roger Light
Affiliation:
Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California Centinela Freeman Regional Medical Center, Inglewood, California
Richard S. Lewis
Affiliation:
Departments of Neuroscience and Psychology, Pomona College, Claremont, California
Robert F. Asarnow
Affiliation:
Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Talin Babikian, PhD, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room C8-746, Los Angeles, CA 90024. E-mail: tbabikian@mednet.ucla.edu
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Abstract

Comprehensive reviews of neurocognitive outcomes following mild, uncomplicated traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children have shown minimal effects on neurocognition, especially in methodologically rigorous studies. In this study, we report longitudinal (1, 6, and 12 months post injury) results in four domains of neurocognitive functioning in a large sample of children with mild TBI (n = 124, ages 8–17 at injury) relative to two demographically matched control groups (other injury: n = 94 and non-injury: n = 106). After accounting for age and parental education, significant main effects of group were observed on 7 of the 10 neurocognitive tests. However, these differences were not unique to the TBI sample but were found between both the TBI and other injury groups relative to the non-injured group, suggesting a general injury effect. Effects were primarily within the domains measuring memory, psychomotor processing speed, and language. This is the largest longitudinal study to date of neurocognitive outcomes at discrete time points in pediatric mild TBI. When controlling for pre-injury factors, there is no evidence of long-term neurocognitive impairment in this group relative to another injury control group. The importance of longitudinal analyses and use of appropriate control groups are discussed in the context of evaluating the effects of mild TBI on cognition. (JINS, 2011, 17, 886–895)

Keywords

Traumatic brain injuryChild and adolescentCognitiveMild TBIConcussionLongitudinal study
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 17 , Issue 5 , September 2011 , pp. 886 - 895
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2011

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Footnotes

†

Now deceased; Dr. Satz played a key role in the development of this project.

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