Abstract

Regenerative SP in blood preparations are popular for tendon and muscle injuries [Wehling et al. Biodrugs 2007;21(5):323–332, Nguyen et al. PM&R 2011;(3):226–250, Schippinger et al. JSSM 2011;10:439–444]. They are used for local injection treatment. There is inconsistency in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparations (3x–7x platelets, variable other cells content). We compared 2 none-PRP techniques: ORTHOKINE (Oe) for Autologous Conditioned Serum (ACS) and ACP (Ax) for autologous plasma (AP). 9 Blood donors. Oe (10 mL) and Ax (12 mL). Blood processing: Oe: blood incubation in ORTHOKINE device 6 h @ 37°C, centrifugation to collect cell free serum. Ax: slow centrifugation of anticoagulated blood in ARTHREX ACP device to collect platelet containing plasma. Ax and whole blood cell counted. Samples stored at −20°C. ELISAs for SP: R&D Systems Kits. Results: Means: yield Ax: 3.4 mL; Oe: 3.7 mL. Ax: 85% platelet yield. GF: Oe over Ax 1.3x–3.9x. Cytokines: Oe over Ax: 2x–31x. Specifically: IL-1Ra: 5.5x; IL-10: 2x; IL-6: 31x; EGF: 3.9x; VEGF: 2.9x Oe over Ax. Discussion: Oe and Ax are used clinically. Degranulating platelets and other blood cells contribute to blood borne GF and cytokine output. Oe gains from all blood cells. Ax gains from 85% platelets. Oe's high IL-1Ra and GFs explain its profound (anti-inflammatory) action [Wehling et al. Biodrugs 2007;21(5):323–332]. Ax is not PRP, provides less SP than Oe. Muscle and tendon repair with Oe has been shown [Heisterbach et al. KSSTA 2012;10:1907–14, Majewski et al. Am J Sports Med 2009;11:2117–25, Wright-Carpenter et al. Int J Sports Med 2004;25:582–587 & 588–593]. Oe and Ax are used in joint treatment also. Oe has 2 y efficacy in high-pain OA [Baltzer et al. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009;17(2):152–160]. Autologous blood preparations are safe and, by WADA, not doping. ORTHOKINE^® registered trademark of ORTHOGEN Inc. ARTHREX^® ACP registered Trademark of ARTHREX Inc