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A RANDOMISED PLACEBO CONTROLLED TRIAL TO COMPARE THE EFFECTS OF TWO DOSAGES OF OMEGA-3 PUFA ON EXERCISE-INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION (EIB)
  1. NC Williams,
  2. K Hunter,
  3. MA Johnson,
  4. GR Sharpe
  1. Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Clifton, Nottingham Trent University, NG11 8NS, Nottingham, UK

Abstract

Treatment of EIB often involves drug interventions, but long-term use may cause systemic side effects (Dahl, Respir Med 2006;8:1307–1317). Supplementing the diet of EIB sufferers with fish oil rich in omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) improved post-exercise lung function and reduced systemic markers of inflammation and the need for bronchodilator use (Mickleborough et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;168:1181–1189; Mickleborough et al. Chest 2006;129:39–49). However, these studies used high dosages of ω-3 PUFA (5–6 g·day−1), so we examined (and report preliminary data for) the effects of two different dosages of ω-3 PUFA on EIB in asthmatics.

Six physically active EIB positive (≥ −10%ΔFEV1 after eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation, EVH) males and 6 (age and activity matched) non-EIB males (CTRL) volunteered for the randomised, double-blind placebo (PLA) controlled crossover study. Subjects completed (in a counterbalanced fashion) three 21 day experimental conditions: (A) HIGH dose: 6.2 g·day−1 ω-3 PUFA (3.7 g EPA, 2.5 g DHA) (B) HALF dose 3.1 g·day−1 (1.8 g EPA, 1.3 g DHA) and (C) PLA (medium chain triglyceride). EIB response to EVH was assessed on days 0 and 21, with a 14 day washout period between conditions. For CTRLs, FEV1 was not different after EVH within or between conditions. In the EIB group, the %ΔFEV1 at 6-min post-EVH was improved equally after HIGH and HALF, both being better than PLA (P<0.05): at day 21 the %ΔFEV1 6 min post-EVH was −32±20% (PLA), −21±18% (HIGH), and −19±18% (HALF). From day 0 to 21, %ΔFEV1 at 6 min post-EVH showed 38±16% and 36±21% improvements for HIGH and HALF respectively and PLA showed no change (−6±19%) (P>0.05). These data suggest that lower dosages (3.1 g·day−1) of ω-3 PUFA are as effective in aiding the treatment of EIB as high (6.2 g·day−1) dosages.

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