Footnotes

• Contributors ZYK had the original idea for the article, led the design and drafting of the manuscript and is the guarantor. AC, SLZ, LS and GSS assisted in the design, drafting and critical review of the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript.

• Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

• Competing interests We have read and understood BMJ policy on declaration of interests. GSS has received honoraria and expense reimbursements from government, professional and scientific organisations for presenting research relating to sport-related concussion at meetings, scientific conferences and symposiums. He is the Senior Medical Advisor for the National Football League Department of Health and Safety.

• Patient consent for publication Not required.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.