Footnotes

• Twitter @DanielBerglind, @ortegaporcel

• Contributors PH, EJS, HH, PT, DB and FBO conceived and designed the current study. PH performed the statistical analyses and EJS performed the PAF calculations. PH, HH and FBO drafted the manuscript, which was critically revised by PT, DB, ML, IML and EJS. All authors approved the final manuscript.

• Funding FBO was supported by a visiting grant (to MLs research group) from Henning and Johan Throne-Holst Foundation. EJS is supported by the Intramural Research Program at the National Institute on Aging (USA). This study was conducted under the umbrella of the ActiveBrains and the SmarterMove projects supported by the MINECO/FEDER (DEP2013‐47540, DEP2016‐79512‐R, DEP2017-91544-EXP). Additional funding was obtained from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES); and Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades and European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). These funders had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation, writing of the report or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

• Competing interests None declared.

• Patient consent for publication Not required.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.