RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Foot orthoses for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
JF British Journal of Sports Medicine
JO Br J Sports Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
SP 322
OP 328
DO 10.1136/bjsports-2016-097355
VO 52
IS 5
A1 Glen A Whittaker
A1 Shannon E Munteanu
A1 Hylton B Menz
A1 Jade M Tan
A1 Chantel L Rabusin
A1 Karl B Landorf
YR 2018
UL http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/52/5/322.abstract
AB Objective To investigate the effectiveness of foot orthoses for pain and function in adults with plantar heel pain.Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. The primary outcome was pain or function categorised by duration of follow-up as short (0 to 6 weeks), medium (7 to 12 weeks) or longer term (13 to 52 weeks).Data sources Medline, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Embase and the Cochrane Library from inception to June 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Studies must have used a randomised parallel-group design and evaluated foot orthoses for plantar heel pain. At least one outcome measure for pain or function must have been reported.Results A total of 19 trials (1660 participants) were included. In the short term, there was very low-quality evidence that foot orthoses do not reduce pain or improve function. In the medium term, there was moderate-quality evidence that foot orthoses were more effective than sham foot orthoses at reducing pain (standardised mean difference −0.27 (−0.48 to −0.06)). There was no improvement in function in the medium term. In the longer term, there was very low-quality evidence that foot orthoses do not reduce pain or improve function. A comparison of customised and prefabricated foot orthoses showed no difference at any time point.Conclusion There is moderate-quality evidence that foot orthoses are effective at reducing pain in the medium term, however it is uncertain whether this is a clinically important change.