RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Mechanisms of acute adductor longus injuries in male football players: a systematic visual video analysis
JF British Journal of Sports Medicine
JO Br J Sports Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
SP 158
OP 164
DO 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099246
VO 53
IS 3
A1 Serner, Andreas
A1 Mosler, Andrea Britt
A1 Tol, Johannes L
A1 Bahr, Roald
A1 Weir, Adam
YR 2019
UL http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/53/3/158.abstract
AB Background Change of direction and kicking have been described as the main actions resulting in adductor longus injury. Video descriptions of inciting events are lacking.Objective Perform a standardised visual video analysis of a series of acute adductor longus injuries in football.Study design Cross-sectional.Methods Video footage was reviewed by players, and assessed independently by five sports medicine professionals. Inciting events were described and categorised using standardised scoring, including playing situation, player/opponent behaviour, movement and body positions.Results Videos of acute adductor longus injuries in 17 professional male football players were analysed. Most injuries occurred in non-contact situations (71%), following a quick reaction to a change in play (53%). Injury actions were: change of direction (35%), kicking (29%), reaching (24%) and jumping (12%). Change of direction and reaching injuries were categorised as closed chain movements (59%), characterised by hip extension and abduction with external rotation. Kicking and jumping injuries were categorised as open chain (41%), characterised by a change from hip extension to hip flexion, and hip abduction to adduction, with external rotation.Conclusion Acute adductor longus injuries in football occur in a variety of situations. Player actions can be categorised into closed (change of direction and reaching) and open (kicking and jumping) chain movements involving triplanar hip motion. A rapid muscle activation during a rapid muscle lengthening appears to be the fundamental injury mechanism for acute adductor longus injuries.