TY - JOUR T1 - Physical activity is good for older adults—but is programme implementation being overlooked? A systematic review of intervention studies that reported frameworks or measures of implementation JF - British Journal of Sports Medicine JO - Br J Sports Med SP - 84 LP - 91 DO - 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102465 VL - 55 IS - 2 AU - Samantha M Gray AU - Heather A McKay AU - Lindsay Nettlefold AU - Douglas Race AU - Heather M Macdonald AU - Patti-Jean Naylor AU - Joanie Sims-Gould Y1 - 2021/01/01 UR - http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/55/2/84.abstract N2 - Objective To examine older adult physical activity (PA) intervention studies that evaluated implementation and/or scale-up. Research question 1: What implementation and/or scale-up indicators (specific, observable and measurable characteristics that show the progress of implementation) were reported? Research question 2: What implementation and/or scale-up frameworks were reported? Research question 3: Did studies evaluate the relationship between implementation or scale-up of the intervention and individual level health/behaviour outcomes? If yes, how?Design Systematic review.Data sources Publications from electronic databases and hand searches (2000 to December 2019).Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Any PA intervention studies with community-dwelling older adult participants (mean age ≥60 years). Required indicators: (a) Must report amount of PA as an outcome, with validated self-report or objective measures, and (b) Must have reported at least one implementation or scale-up framework and/or one implementation or scale-up indicator.Results 137 studies were included for research question 1, 11 for question 2 and 22 for question 3. 137 studies reported an implementation indicator: 14 unique indicators. None were specified as indicators for scale-up evaluation. 11 studies were guided by an implementation or scale-up framework. 22 studies described a relationship between an implementation indicator and an individual-level health outcome.Conclusion There is need for implementation research that extends beyond analysis at the individual level, includes clearly defined indicators and provides a guiding framework to support PA initiatives in older adults. Such implementation studies should evaluate factors in the broader context (eg,political, environmental) that influence scale-up.PROSPERO registration CRD42018091839 ER -