RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Are there risk factors for snowboard injuries? A case-control multicentre study of 559 snowboarders
JF British Journal of Sports Medicine
JO Br J Sports Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
SP 816
OP 821
DO 10.1136/bjsm.2010.071357
VO 44
IS 11
A1 Rebecca M Hasler
A1 Simeon Berov
A1 Lorin Benneker
A1 Simon Dubler
A1 Jonathan Spycher
A1 Dominik Heim
A1 Heinz Zimmermann
A1 Aristomenis K Exadaktylos
YR 2010
UL http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/44/11/816.abstract
AB Objective To analyse risk factors leading to injuries during snowboarding. Design A case–control multicentre survey of injured and non-injured snowboarders. Setting One tertiary and two secondary trauma centres in Bern, Switzerland. Methods All snowboard injuries admitted to our tertiary and two affiliated secondary trauma centres from 1 November 2007 to 15 April 2008 were analysed on the basis of a completed questionnaire incorporating 15 variables. The same questionnaire was applied in non-injured controls at valley stations after a snowboarding day during the same period. A multiple logistic regression was performed (dichotomous variables). Patterns of combined risk factors were calculated by inference trees. Results 306 patients and 253 controls were interviewed. The following variables were statistically significant for the injured patients: low readiness for speed (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.64, p=0.0037), bad weather/visibility (OR 19.06, 95% CI 2.70 to 134.73, p=0.0031) and old snow (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.68, p=0.0323). Not wearing a helmet and riding on icy slopes emerged as a combination of risk factors associated with injury. Conclusions Several risk factors and combinations exist, and different risk profiles were identified. Future research should be aimed at more precise identification of groups at risk and developing specific recommendations for each group—for example, a snow-weather conditions index at valley stations.