Alpine skiing (n=202) | Biathlon (n=162) | Cross-country skiing (n=165) | Figure skating (n=48) | Ice hockey* (n=120) | Nordic combined (n=45) | Snowboard (n=79) | Ski jumping (n=78) | All (n=899) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Injuries | 12 (5.9) | 1 (0.6) | 0 | 1 (2.1) | 7 (5.8) | 4 (8.9) | 9 (11.4) | 4 (5.1) | 38 (4.2) |
Injury location | |||||||||
Face (including eye, ear, nose) | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 3 | 4 (10.5) | |
Head | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | – | 3 (7.9) | |
Neck/cervical spine | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Thoracic spine/upper back | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 (2.6) | |
Sternum/ribs | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 1 (2.6) | |
Lumbar spine/lower back | 3 | 1 | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | 6 (15.8) | |
Abdomen | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Pelvis/sacrum/buttock | 1 | – | – | 1 | 1 | 2 | – | 5 (13.2) | |
Shoulder/clavicle | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Upper arm | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 2 (5.3) | |
Elbow | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | 1 (2.6) | ||
Forearm | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Wrist | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Hand | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 (2.6) | |
Finger | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Thumb | 2 | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 3 (7.9) | |
Hip | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Groin | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Thigh | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 (2.6) | |
Knee | 1 | – | – | 2 | 1 | – | – | 4 (10.5) | |
Lower leg | 3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 (7.9) | |
Achilles tendon | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Ankle | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 2 (5.3) | |
Foot/toe | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 1 (2.6) | |
Injury type | |||||||||
Concussion | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | – | 3 (7.9) | |
Fracture (trauma, stress, other bone injuries) | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 (5.3) | |
Sprain (dislocation, subluxation, ligamentous rupture) | 3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 (7.9) | |
Strain (muscle rupture, tear, tendon rupture) | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 (5.3) | |
Meniscus, cartilage | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Contusion/haematoma, bruise | 2 | – | – | 5 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 15 (39.5) | |
Tendinosis, tendinopathy | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 2 (5.3) | |
Arthritis, synovitis, brusitis | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Impingement | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Laceration, abrasion, skin lesion | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 (2.6) | |
Dental injury, broken tooth | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Muscle cramps, spasm | – | 1 | 1 | 1 | – | 1 | – | 4 (10.5) | |
Other (including nerve, spinal cord, fasciitis) | 2 | – | – | – | 1 | – | 2 | 5 (13.2) | |
Injury cause | |||||||||
Overuse (gradual onset) | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | 4 (10.5) | |
Overuse (sudden onset) | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 (2.6) | |
Non-contact trauma | 4 | – | – | – | – | 3 | 1 | 8 (21.1) | |
Recurrence of previous injury | – | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | 2 (5.3) | |
Contact with another athlete | – | – | – | 4 | – | 1 | – | 5 (13.2) | |
Contact with moving object | – | – | – | 3 | – | – | 3 (7.9) | ||
Contact with stagnant object | 4 | – | – | – | 1 | 3 | 1 | 9 (23.7) | |
Violation of rules | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Field of play condition | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Weather condition | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Equipment failure | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Other | 2 | – | – | – | 3 | – | 1 | 6 (15.8) |
*One injury type is lacking.
W-EYOF, Winter European Youth Olympic Festival.