Mainly indirect biological benefits of exercise
| Associated activity | Effector molecule or pathway | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Sunlight exposure | Vitamin D | Higher146–151 |
| Circadian rhythm | Improved152 153 | |
| Weight loss | Oestrogen | Lower29 70 117 125–143 |
| Leptin | Lower133 138–142 | |
| Insulin resistance | Greater32 116–120 122 | |
| Triglycerides/cholesterol | Lower154–156 | |
| Adiponectin | Higher129–132 | |
| Platelets | Reduces aggregation132 133 | |
| Mood | Endorphins | Increased release157–161 |
| Monoamines | Higher levels162 163 |