Prearranged cooling, hydration and recovery strategies in athletes (% of responders) competing in the 2015 IAAF World Championships
| Field | Sprints | Middle distance | Long distance | Decathlon/ heptathlon | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Precooling methods athletes planned on using | |||||
| None | 61.8 | 46.6 | 29.7 | 43.6 | 50.0 |
| Ice vest | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.4 | 17.0 | 16.7 |
| Cold towel | 15.8 | 10.2 | 18.9 | 11.7 | 33.3 |
| Neck collar | 0.0 | 3.4 | 10.8 | 3.2 | 8.3 |
| Whole-body CWI | 1.3 | 3.4 | 10.8 | 8.5 | 8.3 |
| Leg CWI | 13.2 | 12.5 | 24.3 | 10.6 | 25.0 |
| Ice slurry ingestion | 15.8 | 28.4 | 21.6 | 25.5 | 41.7 |
| Other | Cold hat/cap, cold water, ice-massage | ||||
| Planned fluid consumption | |||||
| None | 0.0 | 13.6 | 37.8 | 23.4 | 0.0 |
| <0.5 L | 6.6 | 9.1 | 2.7 | 10.6 | 0.0 |
| 0.5–1 L | 43.4 | 34.1 | 18.9 | 11.7 | 0.0 |
| 1–1.5 L | 21.1 | 19.3 | 8.1 | 14.9 | 8.3 |
| 1.5–2 L | 11.8 | 13.6 | 16.2 | 11.7 | 0.0 |
| >2 L | 17.1 | 10.2 | 16.2 | 27.2 | 91.7 |
| Planned fluid composition | |||||
| Water | 90.8 | 78.4 | 78.4 | 62.8 | 91.7 |
| Electrolytes | 35.5 | 44.3 | 35.1 | 58.5 | 75.0 |
| Carbohydrates | 7.9 | 8.0 | 16.2 | 30.9 | 58.3 |
| Other | Cold tea, green tea, protein, Red Bull, Gatorade | ||||
| Planned recovery strategies | |||||
| None | 15.8 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 11.7 | 0.0 |
| Active recovery | 31.6 | 47.7 | 59.5 | 41.5 | 66.7 |
| Stretching | 43.4 | 51.1 | 48.6 | 46.8 | 66.7 |
| Contrast immersion | 3.9 | 8.0 | 13.5 | 10.6 | 8.3 |
| CWI | 26.3 | 45.5 | 59.5 | 35.1 | 66.7 |
| Massage | 56.6 | 55.7 | 67.6 | 48.9 | 50.0 |
| Hot water immersion | 6.6 | 8.0 | 10.8 | 5.3 | 8.3 |
| Electrostimulation | 5.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 16.7 |
| Compression clothing | 7.9 | 9.1 | 18.9 | 20.2 | 8.3 |
| Other | Icing, cryotherapy, protein, pool recovery | ||||
CWI, cold-water immersion; IAAF, International Association of Athletics Federations.