Table 4a

Summary information on symptoms assessed by the PCSS, 0–22 items 

Parameter<24 hours24–48 hours>48 hoursTotal
Studies, n27 48 623 29 32 44 52 53 64 15 33 36 41 42 14*
Concussed athletes, n614745371072
Range time between injury and assessment2–12.533.6–4853–163.2
Range number of symptoms post injury9208.3
Range number of symptoms baseline2.653.9
Range total symptom severity score post injury8.5–19.414.4–45.614.7–35,9
Range total symptom severity score baseline1.5–2.54.2–10.711.0
Studies reporting on symptoms of athletes (at first visit), n0 244 142 3
  • *In five additional studies, PCSS was used, but no information on outcome was given.16 19 21 35 56

  • †In one additional study, no information on number of athletes was given.7

  • ‡In one additional study no information on number of athletes was given.4

  • PCSS, Post-Concussion Symptom Scale.