Parameter | <24 hours | 24–48 hours | >48 hours | Total |
Studies, n | 27 48 | 623 29 32 44 52 53 | 64 15 33 36 41 42 | 14* |
Concussed athletes, n | 61 | 474 | 537 | 1072 |
Range time between injury and assessment | 2–12.5 | 33.6–48 | 53–163.2 | |
Range number of symptoms post injury | 9 | 20 | 8.3 | |
Range number of symptoms baseline | 2.6 | 5 | 3.9 | |
Range total symptom severity score post injury | 8.5–19.4 | 14.4–45.6 | 14.7–35,9 | |
Range total symptom severity score baseline | 1.5–2.5 | 4.2–10.7 | 11.0 | |
Studies reporting on symptoms of athletes (at first visit), n | 0† | 244 | 142 ‡ | 3 |
*In five additional studies, PCSS was used, but no information on outcome was given.16 19 21 35 56
†In one additional study, no information on number of athletes was given.7
‡In one additional study no information on number of athletes was given.4
PCSS, Post-Concussion Symptom Scale.