Risk differences in knee osteoarthritis and its related outcomes in ex-footballers compared with the general population
| Knee OA outcomes | Crude | Model 1 | RD % (95 % CI) Model 2 | Model 3 |
| Current knee pain | 25.27 (22.14 to 28.40) | 24.46 (21.30 to 27.62) | 14.59 (11.32 to 17.87) | 14.50 (7.97 to 21.03) |
| Total knee replacement | 7.26 (5.39 to 9.13) | 9.53 (7.44 to 11.63) | 5.40 (3.63 to 7.17) | 4.52 (1.39 to 7.65) |
| Nottingham Line Drawing Atlas (>2 osteophyte and >2 joint space narrowing) | 28.81 (22.75 to 34.86) | 37.49 (31.82 to 43.16) | 31.11 (24.61 to 37.60) | 31.45 (24.87 to 38.03) |
| Kellgren Lawrence (grade>3) | 14.46 (9.35 to 19.57) | 18.77 (13.46 to 24.08) | 15.33 (9.56 to 21.09) | 15.02 (9.17 to 20.88) |
| Kellgren Lawrence (grade>2) | 21.98 (16.26 to 27.71) | 27.61 (21.82 to 33.39) | 21.21 (14.79 to 27.63) | 20.75 (14.22 to 27.28) |
| Chondrocalcinosis | 15.50 (10.89 to 20.11) | 18.91 (14.04 to 23.77) | 14.69 (9.56 to 19.82) | 14.30 (9.18 to 19.41) |
*RD adjusted for football status, age, BMI.
†RD adjusted for football status, age, BMI and injury.
‡RD adjusted for football status, age, BMI, nodal OA, injury, constitutional alignment, high-risk occupation, 2D:4D ratio, nodal OA, comorbidities.
BMI, body mass index; OA, osteoarthritis; RD, risk differences.