Graft selection and fixation for primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions
| Characteristic, n (%) | Denmark* | Luxembourg† | Norway‡ | Sweden§ | UK¶ | US** |
| Total N | 21 820 | 300 | 17 556 | 30 422 | 2972 | 28 055 |
| Graft type | ||||||
| Autograft | ||||||
| Hamstrings | 17 758 (81.4) | 140 (46.8) | 12 078 (68.9) | 27 700 (92.7) | 1923 (91.0) | 9078 (32.6) |
| Quadriceps | 303 (1.4) | 3 (1.0) | 51 (0.3) | 183 (0.6) | 2 (0.1) | 17 (0.1) |
| Patellar tendon | 2376 (10.9) | 155 (51.8) | 5339 (30.5) | 1782 (6.0) | 157 (7.4) | 6956 (25.0) |
| Allograft | 44 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 39 (0.2) | 120 (0.4) | 22 (1.0) | 11 089 (39.9) |
| Other graft | 1339 (6.1) | 1 (0.3) | 24 (0.1) | 90 (0.3) | 9 (0.4) | 683 (2.5) |
| Fixation devices | ||||||
| Femoral fixation | ||||||
| Combination | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1653 (6.6) |
| Crosspin | 8030 (38.1) | 0 (0.0) | 2552 (14.7) | 7690 (25.6) | 74 (4.1) | 3580 (14.3) |
| Interference | 3775 (17.9) | 246 (84.8) | 4928 (28.4) | 5064 (16.8) | 367 (20.4) | 10 717 (42.9) |
| Suspensory | 9251 (43.9) | 44 (15.2) | 9847 (56.8) | 17 314 (57.6) | 1359 (75.5) | 9010 (36.1) |
| Femoral fixation material | ||||||
| Bioabsorbable | 8990 (42.8) | 246 (84.8) | 1008 (5.8) | 0 (0.0) | 72 (4.0) | 8547 (34.2) |
| Metal | 11 651 (55.4) | 44 (15.2) | 16 233 (93.7) | 30 068 (100.0) | 1724 (95.8) | 15 583 (62.4) |
| Polyetheretherketone | 371 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 86 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.2) | 830 (3.3) |
| Femoral tunnel location | ||||||
| Extrachannel | 8607 (40.5) | 246 (84.8) | 9847 (56.8) | 17 340 (57.7) | 1359 (75.5) | 9639 (38.6) |
| Intrachannel | 12 650 (59.5) | 44 (15.2) | 7480 (43.2) | 12 728 (42.3) | 441 (24.5) | 15 321 (61.4) |
| Tibial fixation | ||||||
| Combination | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4042 (23.5) | 3235 (10.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4095 (16.6) |
| Crosspin | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 159 (0.9) | 936 (3.1) | 14 (0.8) | 51 (0.2) |
| Interference | 21 427 (98.2) | 249 (85.0) | 12 883 (74.8) | 19 346 (64.8) | 1771 (95.0) | 19 769 (80.1) |
| Suspensory | 393 (1.8) | 44 (15.0) | 146 (0.8) | 6325 (21.2) | 80 (4.3) | 765 (3.1) |
| Tibial fixation material | ||||||
| Bioabsorbable | 16 575 (76.6) | 246 (84.0) | 3809 (22.1) | 6164 (20.7) | 761 (40.8) | 16 844 (68.2) |
| Metal | 2051 (9.5) | 47 (16.0) | 12 814 (74.4) | 23 685 (79.3) | 1060 (56.8) | 4833 (19.6) |
| Polyetheretherketone | 3011 (13.9) | 0 (0.0) | 607 (3.5) | 0 (0.0) | 44 (2.4) | 3003 (12.2) |
| Tibial tunnel location | ||||||
| Extrachannel | 162 (0.8) | 249 (85.0) | 146 (0.8) | 9057 (30.9) | 80 (4.3) | 1272 (5.2) |
| Intrachannel | 21 382 (99.2) | 44 (15.0) | 17 084 (99.2) | 20 282 (69.1) | 1785 (95.7) | 23 408 (94.8) |
*Missing data: femoral fixation: 764 (3.5%); femoral fixation material: 808 (3.7%); femoral tunnel location: 563 (2.6%); tibial fixation material: 183 (0.8%); tibial tunnel location: 276 (1.3%).
†Missing data: graft type: 1 (0.3%); femoral fixation, femoral fixation material and femoral tunnel location: 10 (3.3%); tibial fixation, tibial fixation material and tibial tunnel location: 7 (2.3%).
‡Missing data: graft type: 25 (0.1%); femoral fixation, femoral fixation material and femoral tunnel location: 229 (1.3%); tibial fixation, tibial fixation material and tibial tunnel location: 326 (1.9%).
§Missing data: graft type: 547 (1.8%); femoral fixation, femoral fixation material and femoral tunnel location: 352 (1.2%); tibial fixation: 580 (1.9%); tibial fixation material: 573 (1.9%); tibial tunnel location: 1083 (3.6%).
¶Missing data: graft type: 859 (28.9%); femoral fixation, femoral fixation material and femoral tunnel location: 1172 (39.4%); tibial fixation, tibial fixation material and tibial tunnel location: 7 (37.2%).
**Missing data: graft type: 232 (0.8%); femoral fixation, femoral fixation material and femoral tunnel location: 3095 (11.0%); tibial fixation, tibial fixation material and tibial tunnel location: 3375 (12.0%).