Reported cadence-based metrics and their definitions
Cadence-based metric | Definition |
Cadence | A gait parameter (ie, steps/min)6 Indicative of a step accumulation pattern over a 1 min time period3 Alternative terms: step frequency, step rate, stride frequency, stride rate or walking tempo3 |
Uncensored mean cadence | Total raw steps accumulated over 1440 min, divided by device wear time41 |
Censored mean cadence | Total steps accumulated over 1440 min after censoring steps taken at intensity <500 activity counts/min, divided by device wear time41 |
Zero cadence | Non-movement during wear time23 Indicative of sedentary time42 |
Peak 1 min cadence | Steps/min recorded for the highest single minute in a day24 Alternative terms: peak stride rate43 or maximum 1 min cadence44 |
Peak 30 min cadence | Average steps/min recorded for the 30 highest, but not necessarily consecutive, minutes in a day24 Alternative term: peak activity index44 |
Peak 60 min cadence | Average steps/min recorded for the 60 highest, but not necessarily consecutive, minutes in a day24 |
Cadence bands | Organised cadences into bands of approximately 20 step/min increments6 |
Total minutes at 1–19 steps/min | Incidental movement6 |
Total minutes at 20–39 steps/min | Sporadic movement6 |
Total minutes at 40–59 steps/min | Purposeful steps6 |
Total minutes at 60–79 steps/min | Slow walking6 |
Total minutes at 80–99 steps/min | Medium walking6 |
Total minutes at 100–119 steps/min | Brisk walking6 |
Total minutes ≥120 steps/min | Including all faster ambulation6 |
Total minutes >0 steps/min | Any movement6 |
Total minutes >19 steps/min | Non-incidental movement6 |
Low cadence* | Two definitions: 1–60 steps/min43and <30 steps/min44 |
Moderate cadence* | Two definitions: 61–120 steps/min43 and 30–60 steps/min44 |
High cadence* | Two definitions: ≥120 steps/min43 and >60 steps/min44 |
Maximum 5 min cadence | Average steps/min of the maximum number of steps obtained over 5 continuous minutes each day44 |
Maximum 20 min cadence | Average steps/min of the maximum number of steps obtained over 20 continuous minutes each day44 |
Maximum 30 min cadence | Average steps/min of the maximum number of steps obtained over 30 continuous minutes each day44 |
Maximum 60 min cadence | Average steps/min of the maximum number of steps obtained over 60 continuous minutes each day44 |
*Values converted from stride rates by multiplying by 2.