Intervention component | Intervention received | ||
No RRI Mean % (95% BCI) | Non-substantial RRI Mean % (95% BCI) | Substantial RRI Mean % (95% BCI) | |
Following at least one advice | 66.6 (58.4 to 74.7) | 77.6 (69.1 to 86.0) | 90.1 (83.6 to 96.7) |
Core training | 39.6 (31.7 to 47.5) | 36.9 (27.1 to 46.7) | 43.1 (32.9 to 53.2) |
Strength training | 34.5 (26.2 to 42.7) | 41.1 (31.3 to 50.7) | 36.0 (26.6 to 45.2) |
Flexibility training | 25.6 (18.3 to 33.0) | 30.9 (21.7 to 40.2) | 34.5 (24.9 to 44.7) |
Neuromuscular training | 15.9 (10.0 to 22.0) | 14.3 (6.8 to 21.7) | 21.8 (13.1 to 30.7) |
Warming up | 28.4 (20.8 to 36.1) | 27.1 (17.4 to 36.4) | 25.5 (16.2 to 34.5) |
Cooling down | 27.2 (19.6 to 34.8) | 21.7 (13.5 to 30.2) | 21.6 (12.4 to 30.3) |
Trail running shoes | 25.6 (18.4 to 32.7) | 17.8 (11.2 to 24.7) | 15.9 (8.8 to 22.8) |
Trail running shoes (n of pairs) | 24.8 (18.3 to 31.5) | 22.5 (15.0 to 30.0) | 14.8 (7.7 to 22.0) |
Longer recovery period | 13.6 (9.1 to 18.1) | 22.3 (13.7 to 30.6) | 26.8 (18.1 to 35.6) |
Reduction of running exposure | 11.0 (7.6 to 14.5) | 22.0 (14.5 to 29.8) | 37.9 (29.0 to 46.8) |
Slow progression after reduction | – | 20.6 (13.2 to 28.0) | 27.7 (20.2 to 35.2) |
Medical attention | – | 14.6 (8.2 to 20.8) | 34.2 (24.4 to 43.9) |
RICE | – | 5.4 (2.1 to 8.6) | 10.2 (3.7 to 16.5) |
No advice | 33.4% (25.2 to 41.5) | 22.3 (14.0 to 30.6) | 9.9 (3.3 to 16.4) |
The results are expressed as the average percentage over time and its 95% BCI obtained by Bayesian linear probability mixed models.
BCI, Bayesian highest posterior density credible interval. RICE, rest, ice, compression and elevation; RRI, running-related injury.