Domain 2: correlates, determinants, diversity and sustainability% Agreement
a. Behavioural patterns
 Over 20% of adults globally do not meet the WHO Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health (WHO figures). Golf is popular in some regions where physical inactivity prevalence is high (North America, Europe, Australasia).96
 Of the over 60 million persons that have played golf at least twice in the previous year, participation is currently highest in North America, Australasia and Europe, in men compared with women, in middle-aged and older adults, in some ethnic groups (White-European heritage) and in those of middle and higher socioeconomic class (The R&A and Sports Marketing Suveys data).96
b. Correlators and mediators
 There is a need for an inclusive environment within golf that embraces, encourages and welcomes individuals, groups and families from all of society.100
 Some factors that help interest and participation in the sport are that golf can (1) be enjoyable, (2) be played throughout life, (3) offer a sense of community, (4) offer challenge and/or competition, (5) provide outdoor exercise and (6) provide time for self.96
 Golf can also teach life skills, while facilities can provide a social/community hub.100
 Golfers with disability can play equitably with able-bodied golfers or golfers with other types of disabilities at some courses/facilities.88
 Some factors that may hinder interest and participation in the sport include perceptions that it is expensive, less accessible for those from lower socioeconomic groups, male dominated, for older people or difficult to learn.100
 The cost of playing golf can hinder participation in some countries and at some facilities, while other facilities do offer affordable health-enhancing physical activity.100
 Physical proximity to a facility, transport options and playing restrictions can be barriers to participation.96
 Shorter forms of the sport, and efforts to avoid excessively slow play can offset the length of time and offer alternatives to those where time constraints are a barrier to participation.100
 Efforts to provide an infrastructure, social norms and regulations that are welcoming to all can lower barriers to participation.96
 Not everyone will be attracted by the same things at a golf facility, so diversity and specialisation of golf facilities in keeping with the local context, culture and population is appropriate.
 Aspects that can contribute to people stopping playing golf include: (1) it takes too much time from the family; (2) too expensive; (3) too long to play 18 holes; (4) they tried but did not have fun; (5) too difficult and takes too long to learn; (6) health concerns; and (7) fear of being embarrassed.
88
96
c. Golf and sustainability
 Golf can promote sustainability through practices that support diversity, healthy societies, environmental integrity and prosperity, and well-being at local and global scale.100