Table 2

Risk of bias assessment using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards statement

Study	Item
Study	1. Title	2. Abstract	3. Background and objectives	4. Target population and subgroups	5. Setting and location	6. Study perspective	7. Comparators	8. Time horizon	9. Discount rate	10. Choice of health outcomes	11. Measurement of effectiveness	12. Measurement and valuation of preference-based outcomes	13. Estimating recourses and costs	14. Currency, price date and conversion	17. Analytical methods	19. Incremental costs and outcomes	20. Characterising uncertainty	21. Characterising heterogeneity	22. Study findings, limitations, generalisability and current knowledge	23. Source of funding	24. Conflicts of interest	Score (0/21)
Aboagye et al 39	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	18
Bello et al 40	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	N/A	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	N/A	No	Yes	Yes	8
Bosmans et al 34	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	19
Carr et al 41	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	N/A	No	No	No	7
Cherkin et al 42	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	Yes	No	No	No	N/A	Yes	Yes	No	9
Chuang et al 43	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	18
Critchley et al 44	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	16
van Dongen et al 38	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	20
Henchoz et al 45	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	N/A	Yes	No	No	14
Hlobil et al 46	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	15
Hollinghurst et al 47	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	20
Hurley et al 48	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	N/A	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	N/A	No	Yes	Yes	10
Korthals-de Bos et al 35	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	16
Leininger et al 36	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	20
Manca et al 55	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	Yes	Yes	18
van der Roer et al 53	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	19
Rosenfeld et al 37	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	N/A	No	Yes	Yes	11
Seferlis et al 49	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	Yes	No	No	No	N/A	No	Yes	No	10
Smeets et al 50	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	18
Torstensen et al 52	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	N/A	No	Yes	No	9
UK BEAM51	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	20
Wright et al 54	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	N/A	No	Yes	Yes	9