Rate ratios (95% CIs) for the association between risk factors with prospective bone stress injury. Baseline model uses the variables measured at baseline; longitudinal model updates variables yearly. Models are adjusted for school and age. n is the number of people (baseline models) or observations (longitudinal models)
| Association of baseline risk factors with prospective bone stress injury | ||||
| n observed | n observed with elevated risk | Rate ratio (95% CI) | P values | |
| Baseline model | ||||
| Cumulative risk score (per point)* | 156 | NA | 1.37 (1.09 to 1.74) | 0.0079 |
| BSI risk points (per point) | 156 | 47 | 1.57 (1.15 to 2.14) | 0.0042 |
| BMI risk points (per point) | 156 | 8 | 1.56 (0.81 to 3.03) | 0.19 |
| EA risk points (per point) | 156 | 10 | 0.39 (0.05 to 2.80) | 0.35 |
| BMD risk points (per point)* | 54 | 8 | 0.92 (0.32 to 2.60) | 0.87 |
| Longitudinal model | ||||
| Cumulative risk score (per point) | 303 | NA | 1.27 (1.00 to 1.61) | 0.05 |
| BSI risk points (per point) | 307 | 121 | 1.20 (0.86 to 1.66) | 0.28 |
| BMI risk points (per point) | 305 | 8 | 1.91 (0.86 to 4.20) | 0.11 |
| BMD risk points (per point) | 153 | 26 | 1.58 (0.79 to 3.18) | 0.19 |
| EA risk points (per point) | 307 | 17 | 0.67 (0.16 to 2.92) | 0.6 |
*Cumulative risk score is the summation of all risk factors.
BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; BSI, bone stress injury; EA, energy availability; NA, not applicable.