Table 7

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder1

  • A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development, with 6 or more symptoms of inattention, and/or 6 or more symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity

  • Inattention symptoms:

  • Hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms:

  • Often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes

  • Often fidgets or taps hands or feet, or squirms in seat

  • Often has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities

  • Often leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is expected

  • Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly

  • Often runs about or climbs in situations where it is inappropriate (in adolescents or adults, may be feeling restless)

  • Often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish school, chores or work

  • Often unable to play or engage in leisure activities quietly

  • Often has difficulty organising tasks and activities

  • Is often 'on the go', acting as if 'driven by a motor'

  • Often avoids, dislikes or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort

  • Often talks excessively

  • Often loses things

  • Often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed

  • Is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli (in adolescents or adults, may include unrelated thoughts)

  • Often has difficulty waiting their turn

  • Is often forgetful in daily activities

  • Often interrupts or intrudes on others

  • Several symptoms were present prior to age 12 years

  • Several symptoms are present in 2 or more settings (eg, home, school, work or in social settings)

  • The symptoms interfere with or reduce the quality of functioning

  • The symptoms are not better explained by another mental disorder, including substance intoxication or withdrawal.