Exercise (n=1944) | Control (n=1571) | |
Demographic | ||
Age, mean (SD) years | 54.9 (11.9) | 55.0 (11.6) |
Age categories (years), n (%) | ||
< 50 | 648 (33.3) | 501 (31.9) |
50–70 | 1070 (55.0) | 892 (56.8) |
≥70 | 216 (11.1) | 165 (10.5) |
Unknown | 10 (0.5) | 13 (0.8) |
Sex, n (%) | ||
Men | 496 (25.5) | 396 (25.2) |
Women | 1448 (74.5) | 1175 (74.8) |
Married/living with partner, n (%) | ||
Yes | 1150 (59.2) | 891 (56.7) |
No | 336 (17.3) | 294 (18.7) |
Unknown | 458 (23.6) | 386 (24.6) |
Education level, n (%) | ||
Low/middle | 864 (44.4) | 657 (41.8) |
High | 816 (42.0) | 632 (40.2) |
Unknown | 264 (13.6) | 282 (18.0) |
Clinical | ||
BMI, mean (SD) kg/m2 | 27.08 (5.0) | 27.42 (5.3) |
BMI categories, n (%) | ||
Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) | 13 (0.7) | 18 (1.2) |
Normal weight (BMI 18.5–<25 kg/m2) | 697 (35.9) | 513 (32.7) |
Overweight (BMI 25–<30 kg/m2) | 676 (34.8) | 549 (35.0) |
Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 447 (23.0) | 390 (24.8) |
Unknown | 111 (5.7) | 101 (6.4) |
Cancer type, n (%) | ||
Breast | 1297 (66.7) | 1056 (67.2) |
Male genitourinary | 287 (14.8) | 221 (14.1) |
Haematological | 190 (9.8) | 183 (11.7) |
Gastrointestinal | 126 (6.5) | 76 (4.8) |
Gynaecological | 16 (0.8) | 17 (1.1) |
Respiratory track | 23 (1.2) | 15 (1.0) |
Other | 5 (0.3) | 3 (0.2) |
Surgery, n (%)* | ||
No | 265 (14.3) | 219 (14.8) |
Yes | 1458 (78.8) | 1144 (77.5) |
Unknown | 127 (6.9) | 113 (7.7) |
Chemotherapy, n (%) | ||
No | 498 (25.6) | 412 (26.2) |
Prior to intervention | 663 (34.1) | 618 (39.3) |
During intervention | 715 (36.8) | 479 (30.5) |
Unknown | 68 (3.5) | 62 (4.0) |
Radiotherapy, n (%) | ||
No | 850 (43.7) | 616 (39.2) |
Prior to intervention | 720 (37.0) | 650 (41.4) |
During intervention | 297 (15.3) | 253 (16.1) |
Unknown | 77 (4.0) | 52 (3.3) |
Hormone therapy | ||
Breast cancer survivors (n= 2353), n (%) | ||
No | 672 (51.8) | 545 (51.6) |
Yes | 365 (28.1) | 261 (24.7) |
Unknown | 260 (20.1) | 250 (23.7) |
Prostate cancer survivors (n=508), n (%) | ||
No | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Prior to intervention | 50 (17.4) | 50 (22.6) |
During intervention | 190 (66.2) | 125 (56.6) |
Unknown | 47 (16.4) | 46 (20.8) |
SCT, n (%)† | ||
Allogeneic | 40 (42.6) | 40 (42.1) |
Autologous | 54 (57.5) | 55 (57. 9) |
Intervention related‡ | ||
Timing of intervention, n (%) | ||
Pre–during–following treatment | 40 (2.1) | |
During treatment | 1113 (57.3) | |
Following treatment | 791 (40.7) | |
Mode of intervention delivery, n (%) | ||
(Partly) Supervised | 1527 (78.6) | |
Unsupervised | 417 (21.5) | |
Duration of intervention (weeks), n (%) | ||
≤12 | 644 (33.1) | |
>12-24 | 495 (25.5) | |
>24 | 605 (31.1) | |
Unknown§ | 200 (10.3) | |
Exercise related | ||
Exercise frequency, n (%) | ||
2 times per week | 1250 (64.3) | |
3 times per week | 286 (14.7) | |
4 times per week | 192 (9.9) | |
≥5 times per week | 193 (9.9) | |
Unknown | 23 (1.2) | |
Exercise intensity, n (%) | ||
Low | 0 (0.0) | |
Low–moderate | 167 (8.6) | |
Moderate | 510 (26.2) | |
Moderate–vigorous | 985 (50.7) | |
Vigorous | 91 (4.7) | |
Unknown | 191 (9.8) | |
Exercise type, n (%) | ||
AE | 437 (22.5) | |
RE | 385 (19.8) | |
AE+RE | 957 (49.2) | |
RE+impact training | 165 (8.5) | |
Exercise session duration (min), n (%) | ||
≤30 | 544 (28.0) | |
>30–60 | 1148 (59.1) | |
>60 | 186 (9.6) | |
Unknown | 66 (3.4) |
*Proportion of survivors without SCT (n=3326).
†Proportion of survivors with SCT (n=189).
‡Proportion of survivors from intervention groups (n=1944).
§Intervention duration of individual patients unknown for three studies, but mean or median was reported.
AE, aerobic exercise; BMI, body mass index; n, number; RE, resistance exercise; SCT, stem cell transplantation.