Effect of recreational football on systolic and diastolic blood pressure with modifying effects for type of control group, gender, age, length of training intervention and training frequency
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||||
Effect size (95% CI) | ±95% CL | Magnitude-based inference | Effect size (95% CI) | ±95% CL | Magnitude-based inference | |
Type of control | ||||||
No exercises | 4.20 (1.87 to 6.53) | 1.7 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 3.89 (2.33 to 5.44) | 1.3 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
Running group | −0.75 (−4.24 to 2.74) | 3.7 | Possibly moderately harmful | 2.21 (−0.81 to 5.23) | 3.1 | Possibly largely beneficial |
Zumba group | −0.71 (−6.32 to 4.91) | 6.0 | Possibly moderately harmful | 0.54 (−2.69 to 3.77) | 3.4 | Unclear |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 2.25 (0.21 to 4.30) | 2.0 | Possibly very largely beneficial | 3.98 (2.32 to 5.64) | 1.1 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
Female | 4.17 (1.15 to 7.19) | 2.8 | Very likely extremely largely beneficial | 2.28 (0.82 to 3.75) | 1.9 | Likely very largely beneficial |
Age (years) | ||||||
18–45 | 1.23 (−1.32 to 3.77) | 2.7 | Unclear | 2.49 (0.70 to 4.28) | 1.7 | Likely very largely beneficial |
45–65 | 5.69 (2.97 to 8.41) | 2.3 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 3.99 (2.16 to 5.83) | 1.3 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
>65 | 1.02 (−8.32 to 10.35) | 10.0 | Unclear | 0.31 (−4.67 to 5.29) | 5.3 | Unclear |
Length of training intervention | ||||||
≤12 weeks | 0.67 (−1.90 to 3.24) | 13.0 | Unclear | 2.15 (0.46 to 3.83) | 1.6 | Likely very largely beneficial |
>12 weeks | 4.59 (2.46 to 6.72) | 1.5 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 3.63 (2.14 to 5.12) | 1.2 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
Training frequency | ||||||
≤2 weeks | 2.77 (0.78 to 4.77) | 1.8 | Likely very largely beneficial | 1.96 (0.47 to 3.45) | 1.4 | Likely largely beneficial |
>2 weeks | 3.71 (0.69 to 6.73) | 2.9 | Likely very largely beneficial | 4.01 (2.48 to 5.54) | 1.6 | Most likely extremely large beneficial |
Type of hypertension | ||||||
Normotensive | 1.80 (−0.04 to 3.65) | 1.8 | Possibly largely beneficial | 1.21 (0.11 to 2.32) | 1.1 | Possibly largely beneficial |
Prehypertensive | 4.36 (0.02 to 8.70) | 4.3 | Likely extremely largely beneficial | 5.52 (3.51 to 7.54) | 2.2 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial |
Mild hypertensive | 7.97 (5.03 to 10.91) | 2.6 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 6.53 (3.81 to 9.25) | 1.6 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial |
95%CI, Confidence interval at 95%; ± 95%CL, Confidence limit at 95%.