Effect of recreational football on systolic and diastolic blood pressure with modifying effects for type of control group, gender, age, length of training intervention and training frequency
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||||
| Effect size (95% CI) | ±95% CL | Magnitude-based inference | Effect size (95% CI) | ±95% CL | Magnitude-based inference | |
| Type of control | ||||||
| No exercises | 4.20 (1.87 to 6.53) | 1.7 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 3.89 (2.33 to 5.44) | 1.3 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
| Running group | −0.75 (−4.24 to 2.74) | 3.7 | Possibly moderately harmful | 2.21 (−0.81 to 5.23) | 3.1 | Possibly largely beneficial |
| Zumba group | −0.71 (−6.32 to 4.91) | 6.0 | Possibly moderately harmful | 0.54 (−2.69 to 3.77) | 3.4 | Unclear |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 2.25 (0.21 to 4.30) | 2.0 | Possibly very largely beneficial | 3.98 (2.32 to 5.64) | 1.1 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
| Female | 4.17 (1.15 to 7.19) | 2.8 | Very likely extremely largely beneficial | 2.28 (0.82 to 3.75) | 1.9 | Likely very largely beneficial |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–45 | 1.23 (−1.32 to 3.77) | 2.7 | Unclear | 2.49 (0.70 to 4.28) | 1.7 | Likely very largely beneficial |
| 45–65 | 5.69 (2.97 to 8.41) | 2.3 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 3.99 (2.16 to 5.83) | 1.3 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
| >65 | 1.02 (−8.32 to 10.35) | 10.0 | Unclear | 0.31 (−4.67 to 5.29) | 5.3 | Unclear |
| Length of training intervention | ||||||
| ≤12 weeks | 0.67 (−1.90 to 3.24) | 13.0 | Unclear | 2.15 (0.46 to 3.83) | 1.6 | Likely very largely beneficial |
| >12 weeks | 4.59 (2.46 to 6.72) | 1.5 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 3.63 (2.14 to 5.12) | 1.2 | Most likely very largely beneficial |
| Training frequency | ||||||
| ≤2 weeks | 2.77 (0.78 to 4.77) | 1.8 | Likely very largely beneficial | 1.96 (0.47 to 3.45) | 1.4 | Likely largely beneficial |
| >2 weeks | 3.71 (0.69 to 6.73) | 2.9 | Likely very largely beneficial | 4.01 (2.48 to 5.54) | 1.6 | Most likely extremely large beneficial |
| Type of hypertension | ||||||
| Normotensive | 1.80 (−0.04 to 3.65) | 1.8 | Possibly largely beneficial | 1.21 (0.11 to 2.32) | 1.1 | Possibly largely beneficial |
| Prehypertensive | 4.36 (0.02 to 8.70) | 4.3 | Likely extremely largely beneficial | 5.52 (3.51 to 7.54) | 2.2 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial |
| Mild hypertensive | 7.97 (5.03 to 10.91) | 2.6 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial | 6.53 (3.81 to 9.25) | 1.6 | Most likely extremely largely beneficial |
95%CI, Confidence interval at 95%; ± 95%CL, Confidence limit at 95%.