Table 2

Data collection (essential and additional data) on race day, athlete demographics, athlete race performance, course geography and environmental conditions on race day

CategoryMinimum/essential dataAdditional data
Race day data

  • Location (nearest city)

  • Date of the race (dd:mm:yyyy)

  • Official starting time (hh:mm:ss)

  • Official cut-off (finish) time (hh:mm:ss)

  • Number of registrants (entrants): the number of athletes who register to participate in the event

  • Number of starters: the number of registered athletes who start the event

  • Number of finishers: the number of registered starting athletes who finish the event

Athlete demographics (individual athlete data)

  • Age (on registration day)

  • Sex

  • Height (cm)

  • Body weight (kg)

Athlete race performance (individual athlete data)

  • Race discipline (if applicable—different sporting codes)

  • Race registered for (if applicable—different race distances)

  • Race starting time (hh:mm:ss)

  • Race finishing time (hh:mm:ss)

  • Calculated total race time (hh:mm:ss)

  • Previous participation in this event type (number of previous races in this event type)

  • Number of times previously participated in this race

  • Personal best time for this race (hh:mm)

  • Qualifying time for this race (if applicable: event and time—hh:mm:ss)

  • Races participated in (in the previous year) (n)

  • Date of last race participated in (dd:mm:yyyy)

  • Personal best time for this event in the last 12 months year (hh:mm:ss)

  • Average regular training in the last 12 months (h/w)? Split times (distance (km) from the start line should be recorded in conjunction with the split time (hh:mm:ss))

Geographical data of the course

  • Total course distance (m)

  • Individual course sections (if applicable, eg, triathlons) (m)

  • Altitude (m) (mean, range)

  • Total elevation of the event course (m)

  • Change in elevation (m)

  • Type of surface of the event course (if applicable) (tar, asphalt, off-road, grass/gravel, sand, and so on)

  • Nature of the event course surface (wet, dry)

Environmental conditions on race day

  • Ambient temperature (°C)

  • Relative humidity (%)

  • Wind speed (km/hour)

  • Wind direction (°)

  • Cloud cover (%)

  • Precipitation (mm)

  • Wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index (°C) (at the start and finish of the race)

  • WBGT index (°C) (continuously recorded during the race)

  • Pollution (air quality index) (numeric air quality index (AQI) or ppbv/ppmv or mg·m−3/μg·m−3 for PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1) (eg, NO2, O3)

  • Pollen count (grains/m3)

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation index

  • Physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index. The PET uses, for example, air temperature, air humidity (relative humidity, specific humidity or any other measure of air humidity), wind speed, global radiation and geographical information (latitude, longitude and elevation, sky view factor (SVF) and ground surface characteristics)

Medical team data

  • Size of the medical team (total number of staff)

  • Physicians or qualified medical doctors (n)

  • Allied health professionals (n)

  • Nursing staff (n)

  • First aiders (n)

  • Fixed medical stations on route (n)

  • Mobile medical stations on route (n)

  • Medical station at finish (yes/no)

  • AEDs on route (n)

  • High care/intensive care facility at finish (yes/no)

  • Medical race director/deputies (number)

  • Medical doctor (sports and exercise medicine specialist) (n)

  • Medical doctor (emergency medicine/intensive care specialist) (n)

  • Medical doctor (cardiologist) (n)

  • Medical doctor (other specialist) (n)

  • Medical doctor (general practitioner/family physician) (n)

  • Physiotherapist (n)

  • Athletic trainer (n)

  • First aider (advance life support) (n)

  • First aider (basic life support) (n)