Additional measures used as criteria for clearance to return to sport
| Studies reporting, n (%) | ICF domain | |
| Patient-report | 26 (12 of 209) | |
| Patient-reported outcome measures | 8 (31 of 26) | Contextual |
| IKDC | 5 (63 of 8) | |
| Within 15% of gender aged-matched controls | 3 (38) | |
| Composite score of 90% | 1 (13) | |
| Question #10: ≥9 points | 1 (13) | |
| KOS-ADL: score ≥90% | 3 (38) | |
| ACL-RSI: score ≥56% | 1 (13) | |
| Global rating of knee function: score ≥90% | 1 (13) | |
| Subjective statements | 9 (35 of 26) | |
| ‘Full subjective functional stability’ | 4 (44 of 9) | |
| When athlete felt comfortable | 2 (22) | |
| Full subjective confidence in knee | 2 (22) | |
| ‘Desire to return to previous activity’ | 1 (11) | |
| Pain | 11 (42 of 26) | |
| ‘No pain’ | 7 (64 of 11) | |
| ‘No problematic symptoms’ | 3 (27) | |
| ‘<3/10 pain’ | 1 (9) | |
| Clinical examination | 54 (26 of 209) | Impairments |
| Ligament stability | 35 (65 of 54) | |
| KT-1000 | 8 (23 of 35) | |
| Lachman test | 6 (17) | |
| Pivot shift | 3 (9) | |
| Anterior drawer | 1 (3) | |
| Stability testing method not stated | 22 (63) | |
| Range of motion (ROM) | 30 (56 of 54) | |
| Full/complete ROM | 25 (83 of 30) | |
| Less than full ROM | 2 (7) | |
| ROM equal to contralateral leg | 2 (7) | |
| Adequate ROM | 1 (3) | |
| Effusion | 20 (37 of 54) | |
| No effusion | 18 (90 of 20) | |
| Minimal effusion | 2 (10) | |
| Thigh circumference | 3 (6 of 54) | |
| Atrophy ≤1 cm | 2 (67 of 3) | |
| ≤2 cm difference in thigh circumference | 1 (33) | |
| ‘Satisfactory clinical exam’ | 2 (4 of 54) | |
| Performance-based criteria | 41 (20 of 209) | |
| Agility | 4 (10 of 41) | Activities |
| T-test | 2 (50 of 4) | |
| ‘Good agility’ | 2 (50) | |
| Proprioception | 6 (15 of 41) | Impairments |
| Equal to contralateral | 2 (33 of 6) | |
| Y-balance test within 80% uninvolved | 1 (17) | |
| Star excursion balance test symmetry | 1 (17) | |
| Demonstrated balance/coordination | 1 (17) | |
| Prek Kinesthetic Action Training System 100% | 1 (17) | |
| Aerobic endurance | 2 (5 of 41) | Activities |
| Lactate aerobic–anaerobic threshold test | 1 (50 of 2) | |
| Treadmill run for 10 min at 8 km/hour | 1 (50) | |
| Quality of motion | 3 (7 of 41) | Impairments |
| Landing Error Scoring System <5 | 2 (67 of 3) | |
| Limb alignment control following fatiguing task: single-leg land (QASLS score 0–1) | 1 (33) | |
| Completion of a specific programme | 27 (66 of 41) | |
| Running programme | 6 (22 of 27) | Activities |
| On-field/sport-specific/functional programme | 9 (33) | Participation |
| Rehabilitation programme | 7 (26) | Activities |
| Agility programme | 4 (15) | Activities |
| Proprioceptive programme | 1 (4) | Activities |
| Non-specific performance-based criteria | 6 (15 of 41) | Activities |
| Rehabilitation goals met | 2 (33 of 6) | |
| Regained agility, strength and coordination | 1 (17) | |
| Full functional stability in terms of strength, coordination and balance | 1 (17) | |
| Able to perform sport-related movements safely per physical therapist and surgeon | 1 (17) | |
| No functional complaints, confidence when running cutting and jumping at full speed | 1 (17) |
References in online appendix III.
ACL-RSI, ACL – Return to Sport After Injury; IKDC, International Knee Documentation Committee; KOS-ADL, Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living; QASLS, single-leg loading qualitative assessment tool.