Strength as a RTS criterion
| Studies reporting, n (%) | |
| Strength tests used as RTS criteria | 86 (41 of 209) |
| Isokinetic testing | 50 (58 of 86) |
| LSI ≥90% | 11 (22 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s | 1 (2 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 180°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s and 180°/s | 2 (4) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 90°/s and 180°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 180°/s and 300°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s, 180°/s and 240°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s, 180°/s and 300°/s | 2 (4) |
| Strength (parameters not stated) | 2 (4) |
| LSI ≥85% | 9 (18 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s | 1 (2 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 120°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s and 180°/s | 2 (4) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 90°/s and 240°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength (parameters not stated) | 4 (8) |
| LSI ≥80% | 11 (22 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s | 3 (6 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 90°/s | 2 (4) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s and 180°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 80°/s and 160°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps strength at 60°/s, 180°/s and 240°/s | 2 (4) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength (parameters not stated) | 2 (4) |
| LSI ≥65% | 1 (2 of 50) |
| Quadriceps strength | 1 (2 of 50) |
| Multiple LSI criteria | 6 (12 of 50) |
| Quadriceps LSI ≥85%; hamstring LSI ≥90%; H/Q ratio ≥70% at 60°/s, 180°/s and 300°/s | 1 (2 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring LSI ≥90% at 60°/s, 180°/s and 300°/s; normalised isokinetic quadriceps strength ≥3 Nm/kg at 60°/s; H/Q ratio ≥55% for females and ≥62.5% for males at 300°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring LSI ≥90% at 60°/s, 180°/s and 300°/s; H/Q ratio ≥55% for females and ≥62.5% for males at 300°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps strength of LSI≥90% and hamstring strength of LSI=100% at 60°/s and 300°/s | 1 (2) |
| ‘Good muscular… recovery’ of quadriceps and hamstring strength; H/Q ratio between 40%–80% (parameters not stated) | 1 (2) |
| Eccentric or concentric hamstring strength LSI ≥80% and quadriceps strength of LSI=100% | 1 (2) |
| Criteria not clearly stated | 12 (24 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s | 3 (2 of 50) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 180°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s and 180°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s and 240°/s | 2 (4) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 90°/s and 230°/s | 2 (4) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 180°/s and 230°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s | 1 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 60°/s, 180°/s, 300°/s; internal rotation and external rotation strength at 60°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s | 1 (2) |
| Isometric testing | 8 (9 of 86) |
| LSI ≥90% | 5 (63 of 8) |
| Quadriceps strength at 60° of knee flexion | 1 (13 of 8) |
| Quadriceps strength at 90° of knee flexion | 1 (13) |
| Quadriceps burst superimposition strength | 2 (25) |
| Isometric leg press testing | 1 (13) |
| LSI ≥85% | 1 (13 of 8) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength at 30° of knee flexion | 1 (13 of 8) |
| LSI ≥80% | 2 (25 of 8) |
| Quadriceps strength at 90° of knee flexion | 1 (13 of 8) |
| Hamstring strength at 70° and 90° of knee flexion in prone and supine positions | 1 (13) |
| Method of testing not clearly stated | 25 (29 of 86) |
| Full strength | 1 (1 of 86) |
| Close to full strength | 2 (2) |
| Quadriceps strength of LSI ≥90% | 2 (2) |
| Muscle strength of LSI ≥90% | 2 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength of LSI ≥90% | 2 (2) |
| Quadriceps and hamstring strength of LSI ≥85% | 1 (1) |
| Quadriceps strength of LSI ≥85% | 2 (2) |
| Thigh strength of LSI ≥85% | 1 (1) |
| Quadriceps strength of LSI ≥80% | 1 (1) |
| Quadriceps strength of LSI ≥80% and normal hamstring strength | 1 (1) |
| Adequate quadriceps and hamstring strength | 1 (1) |
| Good quadriceps function | 1 (1) |
| Adequate strength | 2 (2) |
| Functional strength | 1 (1) |
| Proper muscular conditioning | 1 (1) |
| Complete muscular recovery | 1 (1) |
| Full functional stability in terms of strength | 1 (1) |
| Regained strength | 1 (1) |
| Leg press test demonstrating comparable strength to uninvolved lower extremity | 1 (1) |
| Predetermined benchmark | 5 (6 of 86) |
| Leg press for >15 reps at 100% BW of affected limb | 5 (6 of 86) |
References in online appendix III.
BW, body weight; H/Q ratio, hamstring/quadriceps ratio; LSI, limb symmetry index ; BW, body weight; H/Q ratio, hamstring/quadriceps ratio; RTS, return to sport.