Incidence of injury in each anatomical area for athletes competing at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games
Anatomical area | Total number of injuries | Number of athletes with an injury | Percentage of athletes with an injury (%) | Injury incidence rate: injuries/1000 athlete days (95% CI) |
All | 142 | 112 | 19.8 | 20.9 (17.4 to 25.0) |
Upper limb | 54 | 52 | 9.2 | 7.9 (6.1 to 10.3) |
Shoulder/arm/elbow | 39 | 38 | 6.7 | 5.7 (4.2 to 7.8) |
Wrist/hand/finger | 15 | 15 | 2.6 | 2.2 (1.3 to 3.6) |
Lower limb* | 48 | 43 | 7.6 | 7.1 (5.2 to 9.5) |
Knee | 11 | 10 | 1.8 | 1.6 (0.9 to 3.1) |
Ankle/foot/toe | 13 | 12 | 2.1 | 1.9 (1.1 to 3.4) |
Lower leg | 7 | 7 | 1.2 | 1.0 (0.5 to 2.1) |
Thigh/stump | 10 | 10 | 1.8 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.7) |
Hip/groin/pelvis | 7 | 7 | 1.2 | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.4) |
Head/face/neck†‡ | 29 | 27 | 4.8 | 4.3 (2.9 to 6.2) |
Spine | 6 | 6 | 1.1 | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.0) |
Chest/trunk/abdomen | 5 | 5 | 0.9 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.8) |
*Fifteen of these injuries occurred in para snowboard (p<0.01).
†Fourteen of these injuries occurred in para snowboard (p<0.01).
‡Four of these injuries were concussions, as reported by team physicians. These included two in para alpine skiing and two in para ice hockey.