List of cardiovascular diseases and non-cardiovascular conditions identified for the first time during preparticipation evaluation
| N (%) | |
|
Cardiovascular diseases at-risk of sudden death
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy Bicuspid aortic valve with ascending aorta dilation Brugada syndrome Congenital coronary anomalies Origin of the right coronary artery from the left Valsalva sinus Origin of the left coronary artery from the right Valsalva sinus Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Long-QT syndrome Left ventricular non-compaction Non-ischaemic left ventricular scar Obstructive coronary artery disease Ventricular pre-excitation (high-risk*) |
18 (0.30%) 1 (0.02%) 1 (0.02%) 1 (0.02%) 2 (0.04%) 1 1 3 (0.05%) 1 (0.02%) 1 (0.02%) 6 (0.10%) 1 (0.02%) 1 (0.02%) |
|
Cardiovascular diseases not at-risk of sudden death
Congenital anomalies (simple) interatrial septal defect non-hemodynamically-significant coronary fistula origin of the circumflex artery from the right sinus with retro-aortic course partial anomalous venous return uncomplicated bicuspid aortic valve Hypertension with organ damage without organ damage Mitral valve prolapse with no significant regurgitation Supraventricular arrhythmias Frequent (>1000/day) premature atrial beats Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia Type-2 diabetes Ventricular arrhythmias† Frequent (>1000/day) premature ventricular beats Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia Ventricular pre-excitation (low-risk*) Note: two athletes received two diagnoses (hypertension plus type-2 diabetes; hypertension plus frequent premature atrial beats) |
70 (1.18%) 11 (0.19%) 3 2 3 2 1 10 (0.17%) 2 8 16 (0.27%) 5 (0.08%) 4 1 1 (0.02%) 17 (0.29%) 14 3 3 (0.05%) |
|
Non-cardiovascular diseases
Asthma With exercise-induced bronchospasm Without exercise-induced bronchospasm Bilateral neurosensory hypoacusis Chronic glomerulonephritis Recurrent dislocation of the shoulder Severe scoliosis Visual impairment requiring glasses |
31 (0.52%) 15 (0.25%) 6 9 2 (0.04%) 1 (0.02%) 1 (0.02%) 3 (0.05%) 9 (0.15%) |
*ventricular pre-excitation considered at low-risk if ≥1 criteria satisfied: 1) sudden disappearance of pre-excitation during exercise; 2) at electrophysiology study refractory period of the accessory pathway >240 ms at baseline and >200 ms during isoproterenol infusion.
†in the absence of an underlying heart disease.